“世俗化”转型与晚清知识分子的道德变革

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:25

本文选题：世俗化　切入点：天理　出处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2016年06期

【摘要】：本文从近代中国"世俗化"转型这一视角,通过对思想史内在理路的梳理,考察清末知识分子所面临的价值转型以及由此引发的道德变革的基本状况。面对"三千年未有之大变局",主宰传统中国思想世界的"天理"世界观,逐渐被晚清以来兴起的进化理论所瓦解。在"理/势"、"体/用"之争的历史情境当中,作为道德基础的"公理"世界观又以"天理"世界观的替代形式,历史性地延续着对于知识分子价值抉择的支配作用。因此,晚清知识分子的道德观念呈现出一种内在紧张:一方面,现代个人瓦解了"天理"世界观之下的儒家规范伦理("礼");另一方面,极力"冲决网罗"的现代个人,却依然无法彻底摆脱儒家德性伦理("仁")的深刻影响。可以说,"公理"世界观支配下的道德观念,既构成晚清知识分子思想世界的底色,也为五四知识分子的新一轮道德革命埋下伏笔。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the transformation of "secularization" in modern China, this paper examines the value transformation faced by intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the basic situation of moral change caused by it through combing the internal rationales in the history of thought.In the face of the "three thousand years of great change", the world outlook of Heaven, which dominates the traditional Chinese thought world, is gradually disintegrated by the evolutionary theory that has arisen since the late Qing Dynasty.In the historical context of "reason / potential" and "body / use", the "axiomatic" worldview, which is the moral basis, has historically continued to dominate the intellectual's value choice with the substitution of "heavenly" worldview.Therefore, the moral concept of the intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty showed an inherent tension: on the one hand, the modern individuals disintegrated the Confucian normative ethics ("rites") under the world outlook of "Heaven"; on the other hand, the modern individuals who tried their best to "fight against the net",But still can not completely get rid of the Confucian virtue ethics ("benevolence") profound influence.It can be said that the moral concept dominated by the "axiomatic" worldview not only forms the background of the intellectual's ideological world in the late Qing Dynasty, but also lays the groundwork for a new round of moral revolution for the intellectuals of the May 4th Movement.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学历史文化学院;台湾中央研究院近代史研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“清末民初天理世界观的瓦解与公理世界观的形塑研究”(15BZS085) 湖南省社会科学基金一般项目“世俗转型与寻求超越:李大钊思想研究”(14YBB057) 湖南省教育厅科研优秀青年项目“清末民初世界观转型研究”(15B144)
【分类号】：K252

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