近代中国的“资本家”——以其概念之生成、演变为中心

发布时间：2018-04-09 05:25

本文选题：近代中国　切入点：资本家　出处：《江苏社会科学》2016年03期

【摘要】：早在"洋务运动"后期,西方语境中的capitalist即已进入中国,在华传教士开始以"资本人"、"资本主"、"富翁"、"财东"等对译之。明治中后期,日本学者在中国译词基础上创制了"しほんか屒本家"(shihon-ka)一词,逐渐被作为固定的社会经济学术语广泛使用。甲午中日战后,"屒本家"开始进入中国,随后不同的群体出于不同的诉求赋予其不同的意涵,"资本家"渐成一个惯用术语。"五四"之后,李大钊、陈望道等人将马克思主义中的抽象定义引入,致使"资本家"发生"概念变迁",由意涵较为单一的社会经济学术语向拥有特殊意涵的社会-政治概念转变,表现出明显的阶级化走向。梳理"资本家"概念在近代中国之生成、演变过程可发现,各类话语中的"资本家"实际上都是一种作为他者身份的指涉,存在自我认同的困境。
[Abstract]:As early as in the late period of Westernization Movement, capitalist in the western context had entered China, and missionaries in China began to translate "Capital Man", "Capital Master", "Monopoly" and "Caidong".In the middle and late Meiji period, Japanese scholars coined the term "Shihon-ka" on the basis of Chinese translation, and gradually it was widely used as a fixed term of social economics.After the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War A, "this family" began to enter China, and then different groups gave them different meanings out of different demands, and "capitalists" gradually became a common term. "After the May 4th Movement, Li Dazhao, Chen Wangdao and others introduced the abstract definition of Marxism.As a result, the "concept change" of "capitalists" has changed from a relatively single term of social economics to a social-political concept with special implications, showing an obvious trend of classization.Combing the formation of the concept of "capitalist" in modern China, it can be found that the "capitalist" in all kinds of discourse is actually a reference to the identity of "other", and there is a dilemma of self-identification.
【作者单位】：南京大学历史学院;
【基金】：“南京大学亚太发展研究中心”学术项目资助
【分类号】：K25

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