宋教仁政治思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 20:53

本文选题：宋教仁 + 民主宪政　；参考：《燕山大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：民主宪政是政治现代化的重要标志，也是近现代中国仁人志士奋斗终生的理想。宋教仁作为民主宪政的先行者之一，，在领导资产阶级革命和资产阶级民主共和国的建设过程中，形成了系统的民主宪政思想。宋教仁政治思想的形成背景分为政治背景和社会背景两个方面。晚清时期中国内忧外患的政局构成宋教仁政治思想形成的政治背景。西方民主思想的传播、新式教育的影响以及社会风气日趋激进是其政治思想形成的社会背景。宋教仁政治思想的发展历程分为晚清和民初两个阶段：晚清时期，宋教仁对清末宪政进行了猛烈批判，深入钻研西方政治制度；民国初年，宋教仁致力于民主共和国的建设。宋教仁政治思想包括法治思想、责任内阁思想和政党政治思想。法治思想中最具鲜明特色的内容是分权思想和民权思想。责任内阁思想是宋教仁政治思想的核心和基本出发点。政党内阁思想是宋教仁责任内阁思想的继续和发展，是其理想政体的具体组织形式。宋教仁政治思想具有民族性、强烈的民权思想和鲜明的实践性。而宋教仁对中国国情理解不深刻，以及他的政党观未能脱离资产阶级的藩篱是其政治思想的局限性所在。从历史发展来看，宋教仁政治思想符合时代发展的潮流。系统研究宋教仁的政治思想，不仅为考察我国近代政党政治和议会政治的发展提供丰富的史料，而且对丰富我国民主宪政思想资源具有相当的学术价值。宋教仁的法治思想对当今社会主义法治建设仍有重要的启迪作用。
[Abstract]:Democratic constitutionalism is an important symbol of political modernization and a lifelong ideal for modern Chinese people with lofty ideals.Song Jiaoren, one of the pioneers of democratic constitutionalism, formed a systematic democratic constitutional thought in the process of leading bourgeois revolution and the construction of bourgeois democratic republic.The formation background of Song Jiaoren's political thought is divided into two aspects: political background and social background.In the late Qing Dynasty, the internal and external political situation of China formed the political background of Song Jiaoren's political thought.The spread of western democratic thought, the influence of new education and the increasingly radical social atmosphere are the social background of the formation of his political thought.The development course of Song Jiaoren's political thought is divided into two stages: in the late Qing Dynasty, in the late Qing Dynasty, in the late Qing Dynasty, Song Jiaoren criticized the constitutionalism of the late Qing Dynasty and studied the western political system deeply; in the beginning of the Republic of China, Song Jiaoren devoted himself to the construction of the democratic republic.Song Jiaoren's political thought includes the thought of rule of law, the thought of responsible cabinet and political thought of political party.The most distinctive content in the thought of rule of law is the thought of separation of powers and civil rights.The thought of responsible cabinet is the core and basic starting point of Song Jiaoren's political thought.Party Cabinet thought is the continuation and development of Song Jiaoren's responsible Cabinet thought and the concrete organizational form of his ideal regime.Song Jiaoren's political thought has the nationality, the strong civil rights thought and the bright practicality.Song Jiaoren's lack of understanding of China's national conditions and his failure to break away from bourgeois barriers are the limitations of his political thoughts.From the historical development point of view, Song Jiaoren's political thought conforms to the trend of the development of the times.A systematic study of Song Jiaoren's political thought not only provides rich historical data for investigating the development of political party and parliamentary politics in modern China, but also has considerable academic value for enriching the resources of democratic constitutional thought in China.Song Jiaoren's thought of ruling by law still has an important enlightening effect on the construction of socialist rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D092;K258

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