电报的引入与近代中国文化变迁

发布时间：2018-04-21 14:42

本文选题：电报 + 知识与教育　；参考：《学术研究》2017年09期

【摘要】：晚清以降,以电报学为代表的西方近代自然科学大量传入,使得中国传统的知识体系裂变,七科之学渐次成型。一系列电报学堂的设立,以其现代的教学内容和教学方法,对中国传统的教育体系与教学模式产生冲击,专业技术教育日渐隆盛。电报引入后,引发中国语言与文学的变化,文本体裁中衍生电讯等新文体,并日益成为新闻传播之重要工具。在更深层面,国人的思想因之而逐步改变,科技意识、世界意识渐在人们的观念之中滋生并扩散开来。这一切大致反映出近代中国的文化变迁以及现代文化之成长。然需看到,即便电报知识传入中国已近半个世纪甚至更长时间,伐杆救旱事件之频发,炼魂成电谣言之流播等,又提示中国传统的风水、符谶等术数思想以及魂魄、鬼祟等宗教观念因具广阔影响,使得现代文化在中国成长之进程只能缓慢而长期,无法一蹴而就。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, the western modern natural science represented by telegraphy introduced a large number of natural sciences, which made the traditional knowledge system of China fission, and the study of the seven branches of science gradually formed. With its modern teaching contents and teaching methods, the establishment of a series of Telegraph schools has impacted on the traditional education system and teaching mode of China, and the professional and technical education is flourishing day by day. After the introduction of telegram, it caused the changes of Chinese language and literature, the text genre derived from telecommunications and other new styles, and increasingly become an important tool of news dissemination. At a deeper level, Chinese people's thoughts gradually change, science and technology consciousness, world consciousness gradually breed and spread in people's ideas. All this roughly reflects the cultural changes and the growth of modern culture in modern China. But we need to see that even though telegram knowledge has been introduced to China for nearly half a century or more, the frequent occurrence of logging and drought rescue incidents, and the spreading of rumors that the soul has been lost to electricity, and so on, also suggest that the traditional Chinese ideas of geomantic water, symbolic prophecies, etc., as well as the soul of the soul, Because of its wide influence, modern culture can only grow slowly and for a long time.
【作者单位】：扬州大学社会发展学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金年度项目“电报与中国现代国家成长研究(1860—1949)”(15BZS095) 教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“社会转型与民国时期的电报建设研究”(13YJA770035)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K25

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