抗战前十年的“移民西北”思潮

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:33

本文选题：“移民西北” + “开发西北”　；参考：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：1927年南京国民政府成立后,便提出了“开发西北”的口号,同时一些政要和社会人士也积极提倡“开发西北”,甚至有的国人还制定了开发西北的详细计划。在这些“开发西北”的言论中,有许多国人还主张迁移东部地区的人口来开发西北,并提出了自己的见解,而有的国人鉴于其他原因,也主张向西北移民,这便形成了抗战前十年的“移民西北”思潮。此思潮形成的原因除了“开发西北”思潮的影响外,还与当时的国内、国际情况密切相关。从国内情况看,近代以来东部地区的人口压力,一直以来就是人们提倡向西北移民的重要原因之一。另外,20、30年代苏联、日本对我国西北地区的渗透,给西北边防造成了巨大压力,鉴于西北地区“地广人稀”的状况,国人纷纷主张“移民西北”充实西北的国防力量。从国际情况看,由于20年代末的世界经济危机沉重打击了东南亚经济,以致这些国家的人员大量失业。为了维护本国的利益,一些东南亚国家颁布了苛刻的移民条例限制华人入境,这导致了30年代我国移民海外人数的骤然下降。加之“九·一八”事变后,东北沦陷,中国失去了东北这块理想的移民地,所以中国在20年代末30年代初的移民状况并不乐观。随着海外和东北移民道路的堵塞,西北作为一块移民地,却渐渐在“九··八”事变后受到了时人的重视,许多国人纷纷主张“移民西北”,并且献言献策,以致形成一股思潮。这股思潮的内容,以所移人员和移民区域较为重要。需要指出的是,抗战前十年时人在积极提倡向西北移民的同时,却很少有人注意到当时西北的现实状况,例如20年代末30年代初的西北大旱灾,西北人民自救不暇,一旦移民到此“岂不速死”。因此,抗战前十年的“移民西北”思潮一方面反映了时人对于西北的关注,另一方面也反映了时人对西北认知的缺乏。
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Nanjing National Government in 1927, it put forward the slogan of "developing the Northwest". At the same time, some dignitaries and social figures actively advocated "developing the Northwest", and some Chinese even formulated a detailed plan for the development of the Northwest. In these comments on "developing the Northwest," many Chinese also advocated the relocation of the population from the eastern region to exploit the Northwest, and put forward their own views. For other reasons, some people also advocated emigrating to the northwest. This formed ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan, "emigration northwest" trend of thought. In addition to the influence of the trend of thought, it is closely related to the domestic and international situation at that time. From the point of view of the domestic situation, the population pressure in the eastern part of modern times has been one of the important reasons why people advocate to emigrate to the northwest. In addition, the infiltration of the Soviet Union and Japan into the Northwest region of China in the 1930s caused great pressure to the northwest frontier defense. In view of the "extensive population shortage" in the Northwest region, the people of China have advocated "emigrating to the Northwest" to enrich the national defense forces in the Northwest. From the international point of view, the world economic crisis in the late 1920s hit the Southeast Asian economy hard, resulting in a large number of unemployment in these countries. In order to protect their own interests, some Southeast Asian countries have issued strict immigration regulations to restrict the entry of Chinese, which led to a sudden decline in the number of Chinese immigrants overseas in the 1930s. In addition, after the September 18th incident, the Northeast fell, and China lost its ideal place of emigration, so the immigration situation of China in the late 1920s and early 1930s was not optimistic. With the blockage of emigration road from overseas and Northeast China, the Northwest, as an immigrant land, was gradually attached importance to by people after the "September 8th incident". Many Chinese people advocated "emigrating to the Northwest" one after another and offered suggestions and suggestions, which led to the formation of a new trend of thought. The contents of this trend of thought are more important in the areas of migration and migration. It should be pointed out that while people actively advocated emigrating to the northwest ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan, few people noticed the realities of the Northwest at that time. For example, in the late 1920s and the early 1930s, the Northwest's people were unable to save themselves. Once emigrated here, "will not die quickly." Therefore, the thought of "immigrant northwest" in the ten years before the War of Resistance against Japan reflected the attention of the people of the time and the lack of cognition of the northwest at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D632.4;K26

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