张之洞与两江总督关于湖北盐厘的合作与矛盾

发布时间：2018-04-22 07:34

本文选题：张之洞 + 两江总督　；参考：《盐业史研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：本文通过分析清末湖广总督张之洞与两江总督曾国荃、刘坤一的有关湖北盐厘的私下议论的电文,再现张之洞有关湖北盐政的诸如湖北官运川盐济楚、盐厘抵借洋款、东南互保、盐斤加价支付庚子赔款等政策出台的过程。张之洞以湖广总督的立场,面对清末的财政支出暴增、外国干涉中国财税主权和中央政府的无理要求等困难,与在传统盐政制度上拥有湖广地区淮盐管理权的两江总督展开了长期的交流,或合作或抵制,一步步强化了湖广总督的湖北盐政管理权,弱化并最终无视了两江总督对湖广盐政的传统的影响力,使得中国传统盐政制度中的销岸制实质上瓦解,建立了湖广总督自主的湖北盐政体系。确保了湖北洋务等建设的财源,排斥了洋人对盐政的管理,维护了中国财税主权和湖北地方财政的有效运转,另一方面也呈现了地方长官财权膨胀的现象,弱化了中央集权,开启了民国时期割据性地方财税自主的先声。
[Abstract]:By analyzing the private discussions on Hubei salt by Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, late Qing Dynasty, and Zeng Guoquan and Liu Kunyi, governors of Liangjiang, this paper reproduces Zhang Zhidong's views on Hubei salt politics, such as the official transportation of Sichuan and Yanji Chu by Hubei officials, and the borrowing of salt from foreign countries. Southeast mutual protection, salt jin price increase to pay Boxer compensation policy issued process. Taking the position of the Governor of Huguang, Zhang Zhidong faced difficulties such as the sharp increase in fiscal expenditure in the late Qing Dynasty, foreign interference in China's fiscal sovereignty and unreasonable demands of the central government. In the traditional salt management system, the governor of Huiguang area had a long-term exchange, cooperation or boycott, which strengthened the Hubei salt management power of Huguang Governor step by step. Weakening and finally ignoring the influence of the Governor of the two Rivers on the traditional salt policy of Huguang, the system of disappearing the bank in the traditional salt system of China was actually disintegrated, and the Hubei salt policy system of Huguang Governor's autonomy was established. It has ensured the financial resources for the construction of foreign affairs in Hubei, rejected the management of salt administration by foreigners, safeguarded China's fiscal and taxation sovereignty and the effective operation of local finance in Hubei, on the other hand, it also presented the phenomenon of the expansion of local governors' financial power and weakened the centralization of power. Opened the Republic of China period of local fiscal autonomy of the first voice.
【作者单位】：名古屋大学;
【分类号】：K252

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