中国共产党西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的理论与实践

发布时间：2018-04-30 02:02

本文选题：西柏坡时期 + 人民代表会议制度　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：西柏坡时期是中国共产党民主革命的重要转折时期，是新中国国家机器成立前政权建设的重要阶段。人民代表会议制度是人民代表大会制度的前身，研究西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的经验和教训，可以为完善和发展当下的人民代表大会制度提供借鉴和现实启示。因此，该题目具有重要的学术价值及应用价值。但是，目前对于西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度及其实践的研究，学术界普遍缺乏应有的关注，研究的深度和广度也不够。因此，致力于西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的研究，将有助于我们完善人民代表会议制度、提高人民当家作主权力的落实水平，加快和谐社会的建设步伐。全文除引言和结束语外共有以下几个部分：第一部分，对“西柏坡时期”、“人民代表会议制度”——作出了清晰的界定；重点讨论了“人民代表会议制度”的含义、人民代表会议制度的性质及特点。第二部分，西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度建立的理论与实践基础。首先论述马克思恩格斯的国家学说，为我国人民代表会议制度打下一个马克思主义的理论基础，主要梳理了马克思主义有关“国家起源理论”、“国家的本质与形式”、“无产阶级国家的本质”的主要观点；从多个层面整理了马克思恩格斯关于“民主”的观点；分析了马克思恩格斯对“人民民主”的论述。分析了列宁有关“人民民主”的观点，从历史的角度记述了前苏联苏维埃人民代表会议制度的形成和发展过程。按照中国革命发展的历史阶段，集中讨论了第一次国内革命战争时期的农民协会制度，土地革命时期的工农兵代表会议制度和抗日战争时期的参议会制度。对这三个时期的三种国家政权形式展开剖析，，努力展现中国共产党人是如何把马克思主义国家观念、民主理念的普遍真理与中国的具体国情、中国革命的具体实践相结合，在不同时期灵活地创造适合于中国革命、适合于人民民主权力落实的国家政权形式的。第三部分，从西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度建立的历史进程、基本原则及其实践意义展开讨论。论述了人民代表会议制度经历了从个别解放区的实践到向多个解放区的扩展，再到全国各解放区普遍实行人民代表会议制度的历史进程。概括了西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的基本原则：“坚持中国共产党的领导”，“一切权力属于人民”，“民主集中制”，“民族平等与团结”。梳理了西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度下的机构设置，集中分析了西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的主要内容和对当时革命进程的推动作用，认为西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的权力主体是反帝反封建的人民大众，实行的是民主集中制原则，政权机构产生必须经过民主程序。西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度在当时的积极作用，表现为建立了新政权组织形式，推动了各项工作的顺利开展，保证了各项社会改革和恢复国民经济任务的胜利完成，为人民代表大会制度的最终形成提供了极有价值的经验。第四部分，西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度的历史经验及现实启示。西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度建设的基本经验包括：坚持中国共产党的领导是实现人民当家做主的政治保证，落实人民代表会议制度是实现人民当家作主的制度保证，实现人民民主要循序渐进、注重实效，坚持群众路线和统一战线的政策原则。西柏坡时期人民代表会议制度对今天国家政权建设的启示包括：必须坚持实事求是、一切从实际出发，必须循序渐进、遵从事物的发展规律，必须重视民主并加强民主建设，必须坚持和加强统一战线工作，既要加强党的领导又要注意理顺党组织与人民代表大会的关系等。
[Abstract]:The period of Xibaipo is an important turning point of the democratic revolution of the Communist Party of China and an important stage of the construction of the regime before the founding of the new Chinese state machine. The system of the people's Congress is the predecessor of the people's Congress system. The study of the experience and teaching of the system of the people's representative conference in the Xibaipo period can be used to improve and develop the present people's representative. The general assembly system provides reference and practical enlightenment. Therefore, the subject has important academic value and application value. However, at present, the research on the system and practice of the people's representative conference in the Xibaipo period is generally lack of due attention, and the depth and breadth of the research is not enough. Therefore, it is committed to the people's Congress in the Xibaipo period. The study of the system will help us improve the people's Congress system, improve the implementation level of the people's ownership and speed up the pace of building a harmonious society.
In addition to the preface and the concluding remarks, the paper has the following parts:
The first part makes a clear definition of the "Xibaipo period" and "the system of the people's representative meeting", and focuses on the meaning of the "people's representative conference system", the nature and characteristics of the people's Congress system.
The second part is the theoretical and practical basis for the establishment of the people's representative conference system in the period of Xibaipo. First, it discusses the theory of Marx and Engels's state, and lays a theoretical foundation for the system of the people's representative conference in China. It mainly combs the "theory of the origin of the nation" and "the essence and the form of the state", and the "theory of the origin of the state" by Marx. The main point of "the nature of the proletariat state"; collated Marx and Engels's views on "democracy" from various levels, analyzed Marx and Engels's discussion of "people's democracy", analyzed Lenin's views on "people's democracy", and recorded the system of the Soviet Soviet people's Congress from a historical point of view. The process of formation and development. According to the historical stage of the development of the Chinese revolution, the system of peasant associations in the period of the first domestic revolutionary war, the system of the Congress of the workers, peasants and soldiers during the period of the land revolution and the system of the Senate in the period of the war of resistance against Japan have been discussed. The form of the three kinds of state power in these three periods is dissect and endeavor to unfold China How does the Communist Party combine the concept of Marx's state, the universal truth of the democratic concept with the specific national conditions of China and the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution, and create a form of state power suitable for the Chinese revolution and the implementation of the people's democratic power in different periods.
The third part, from the historical process, basic principles and practical significance of the establishment of the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period, discussed the historical process of the people's Congress system from the practice of individual Jiefang District to the expansion of multiple Jiefang District, and then to the general implementation of the people's representative conference system in Jiefang District. The basic principles of the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period are as follows: "adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China", "all power belongs to the people", "democratic centralism", "national equality and unity". The organization of the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period is combed, and the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period is analyzed. The main content of the degree and the impetus to the process of the revolution at that time thought that the main body of power of the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period was the anti imperialist and anti feudal people, the principle of democratic centralism and the democratic process must pass through the democratic procedure. In order to establish the form of the organization of the new regime, it has promoted the smooth development of various work, guaranteed the success of the social reform and the restoration of the national economic task, and provided valuable experience for the final formation of the people's Congress system.
The fourth part, the historical experience and practical enlightenment of the people's representative conference system in the Xibaipo period. The basic experience of the system construction of the people's representative conference during the Xibaipo period includes: adhering to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party is the political guarantee for the people to be the masters of the family, and the implementation of the system of the people's Congress is the system guarantee for the people to be the masters of the family. The realization of the people's democracy should be gradual, effective and adhered to the policy principles of the mass line and the United Front. The Enlightenment of the people's Congress system of the people's representative conference in the western baippo period on the construction of the state power includes the necessity of insisting on seeking truth from facts and seeking truth from reality. In building a strong democracy, we must uphold and strengthen the work of the United Front. We must not only strengthen the leadership of the party, but also pay attention to straighten out the relationship between the party organization and the people's Congress.

【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K266;D231

【参考文献】