集体化下的童年:“大跃进”时期农村幼儿园研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 03:24

本文选题：大跃进 + 集体化　；参考：《妇女研究论丛》2017年02期

【摘要】：文章以河南省渑池县作为个案,从日常生活史的角度重新认识大跃进时期的农村幼儿园,呈现国家如何参与乡村生活以及普通妇女、儿童在国家推行社会主义集体化过程中的体验。文章认为,农村幼儿园的创办反映了国家对妇女解放的重新论述。一方面,农村幼儿园承担了部分照看儿童的责任,有效减轻了妇女的抚幼负担,从而使母亲能够走上田间地头,成为社会主义劳动者,提高了政治、社会参与水平,丰富了其精神生活,从而促进了妇女解放;另一方面,幼儿园也意味着育儿任务的社会化,通过大力提倡社会主义新母亲的形象,不再将女性价值禁锢于家内,与此同时幼儿园教师成为令人尊重的职业,给农村女性开启了新的职业机会。对于儿童而言,农村幼儿园则突破了传统育儿模式,使他们能够参与集体生活,体验社会主义教育,留下了不同寻常的集体化记忆。
[Abstract]:Taking Mianchi County, Henan Province as a case study, this paper reconsiders the rural kindergartens of the Great Leap forward period from the perspective of daily life history, and presents how the country participates in rural life and ordinary women. The experience of children in the process of national socialist collectivization. The article believes that the establishment of rural kindergartens reflects the state's rediscussion of women's liberation. On the one hand, rural kindergartens have taken part in the responsibility of caring for children, effectively lightening the burden on women to care for their children, thus enabling mothers to go to the field to become socialist workers and to raise the level of political and social participation. It enriches its spiritual life and thus promotes the emancipation of women. On the other hand, kindergarten also means socializing the task of raising children, by vigorously promoting the image of a new socialist mother and no longer confining the value of women to the home. At the same time, kindergarten teachers have become a respectable profession, opening up new career opportunities for rural women. For children, rural kindergartens break through the traditional parenting model, enable them to participate in collective life, experience socialist education, leaving an unusual collective memory.
【作者单位】：得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校历史系;
【分类号】：C912.82

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