近代（1840-1949）武汉市城市形态演变研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:11

本文选题：武汉 + 城市形态　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会的高速发展,我国正处于城市化快速发展时期,迅速增加的城市人口,导致城市空间扩展、城市规模增大以及城市结构重组,为了营造更好的城市空间,城市形态的研究逐渐引起人们的重视。运用历史地理的方法探析历史时期的城市形态特点,已经成为进行城市形态研究的一种重要手段。本文主要以近代武汉市城市形态为研究对象,根据城市形态演变的时空特征,将近代武汉城市形态划分为形成期(1840～1911)、扩展期(1912～1937)、衰退期(1937～1949),运用历史文献分析法和地图要素分析法,从各个时期城市形态演变的政治、经济、社会原因以及演变过程中城市形态外部轮廓、租界、市场、街道布局这些形态要素来分析近代武汉城市形态的演变过程,总结近代武汉城市形态演变特点。本文通过分析近代武汉城市形态的演变过程,得出以下结论： (1)1840～1949年间,武汉城市空间形态逐渐扩展。水平方向上表现为城市地域蔓延,从沿江带逐渐向沿河带发展,城市逐渐向内陆地区扩张,三镇联系加强；垂直方向上表现为城市上层空间利用率增加,建筑增多,城市规模变大。 (2)近代租界区的发展主要指1861～1937年间租界的发展,经历了形成、扩张、规划三个阶段。这一时期城市内部空间由杂乱无章、街道狭窄到经纬分明,道路通达性好、土地划分整齐、功能布局清晰的格局形态；外部空间范围在不断扩大,主要趋向于有便利运输条件的水上运输和铁路运输附近扩张,租界的扩张呈现出贸易与交通对它的吸引力。 (3)1840～1949年的武汉由封建内陆的商业中心逐步转变为半封建半殖民的开放的贸易中心,银行、公司、洋行、商会等商业建筑逐渐增多,商业中心发展促使了港口、码头、道路等城市设施的建设,为现代武汉成为国际大都市奠定了基础。 (4)近代武汉城市街道的演变特点：从外部形态看,街道的布局逐渐向外扩张；从内部分布来看,港口码头布局和铁路建设影响了街道的布局,城市的街道逐渐以联结航运和铁路运输为主,街道建设逐渐出现了等级划分,街道数量增多,路网通达性变好。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, our country is in the period of rapid development of urbanization. The rapid increase of urban population leads to the expansion of urban space, the expansion of urban scale and the reorganization of urban structure, in order to create better urban space. The study of urban form has gradually aroused people's attention. Using the method of historical geography to analyze the characteristics of urban form in historical period has become an important means to study urban form. Based on the temporal and spatial characteristics of the evolution of urban morphology, this paper mainly studies the urban morphology of Wuhan in modern times. According to the temporal and spatial characteristics of the evolution of urban morphology, the urban morphology of modern Wuhan is divided into four stages: the forming period (1840), the expanding period (1912), the declining period (1937), and the declining period (1937). The historical literature analysis method and the map element analysis method are used. This paper analyzes the evolution process of modern Wuhan city form from the political, economic, social reasons and the external outline, concession, market and street layout of the urban form in each period. This paper summarizes the evolvement characteristics of modern Wuhan city form. Based on the analysis of the evolution of Wuhan's urban morphology in modern times, this paper draws the following conclusions: Between 1840 and 1949, Wuhan's urban spatial form gradually expanded. The horizontal direction is the spread of urban area, from the river belt to the river belt, the city gradually expands to the inland area, the connection between the three towns is strengthened, and the vertical direction is the increase of the utilization rate of urban upper space and the increase of buildings. The city has grown in size. The development of modern concession area mainly refers to the development of concession area in 1861 and 1937, which experienced three stages: formation, expansion and planning. During this period, the inner space of the city changed from disorderly, narrow streets to distinct longitude and weft, good road accessibility, neat land division, clear functional layout, and the scope of external space was constantly expanding. It mainly tends to expand near water transportation and railway transportation with convenient transportation conditions. The expansion of concession shows the attraction of trade and transportation to it. From 1840 to 1949, Wuhan gradually changed from a feudal inland commercial center to a semi-feudal and semi-colonial open trade center, banks, companies, foreign businesses, chambers of commerce, and other commercial buildings. The development of commercial centers promoted the development of ports and docks. The construction of urban facilities, such as roads, laid the foundation for modern Wuhan to become an international metropolis. (4) the evolvement characteristics of modern Wuhan city streets: from the external form, the layout of the streets gradually expanded outwards, from the internal distribution, the layout of ports and docks and railway construction affected the layout of the streets. City streets are gradually connected with shipping and railway transportation, street construction has gradually appeared a grade division, the number of streets has increased, and road network accessibility has become better.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F299.29;K25

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