1948年立法委员选举述论

发布时间：2018-05-16 10:06

本文选题：立法委员 + 区域选举　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：1948年立法委员选举是南京国民政府选举的一部分，在选举史上意义重大。研究立法委员的选举分为三个部分，首先是选举的筹备，国民党从“训政”走向“宪政”，立法委员的产生方式也要相应改变，，从以前的任命制改为符合宪法要求的选举制。为了保证选举的顺利进行，通过了《立法委员选举罢免法》《立法委员选举罢免法施行条例》等一系列法律法规。规定了选举人及候选人资格、选举机关、选举程序、选举方法及当选无效认定、选举诉讼处理、立法委员罢免程序等关于立法委员选举的基本内容。选举总事务所公布的《立法委员选举进行程序》则规定了立法委员选举的基本程序和时间安排。选举筹备内容还包括立法委员应选名额分配：各省市按人口进行分配，蒙古、西藏、边疆地区少数民族、侨居国外国民、内地生活习惯特殊民族都各有规定名额。此外，职业团体也按团体分配名额。其次，选举的过程。候选人获得提名可以通过两种方式：政党提名和选举人签署。选举人签署提名候选人仅限于无党派人士。关于政党提名问题，国民党党内的竞争以及与民社党、青年党的博弈都非常激烈。最终才在提名的名额和地区分配上都达成共识，选举才得以继续进行。候选人获得提名后就可以进行竞选，关于竞选的方式各地都出台了法规，候选人也通过各式各样的竞选方法进行宣传，为自己拉票。选举过程可以分为区域选举和职业团体选举。基本上相差不大，在选民和一些选举规定上有所区别。最后，选举结果分析。从当选立法委员名单可以看出立委的受教育程度、年龄、所属党派等信息。也可以分析出此次立委选举具有参与人数多、涉及范围广、法律法规相对完善的特点。同时也存在很多问题，包括选民调查不充分，候选人存在不正当竞选，以及选举整个过程基本上由国民党控制。另外，围绕着选举结果还出现了很多纠纷与诉讼。
[Abstract]:The 1948 Legislative Council election is a part of the Nanjing National Government election, which is of great significance in the history of election. The study on the election of legislators is divided into three parts. First, it is the preparation of the election. The Kuomintang moves from "political discipline" to "constitutionalism", and the way in which legislators are elected should be changed accordingly, from the previous appointment system to the electoral system that conforms to the requirements of the Constitution. In order to ensure the smooth running of the election, a series of laws and regulations were passed, such as the Legislative Council Election recall Law, the Legislative Council Election recall Law implementation regulations, and so on. The basic contents of the election of legislators are stipulated, such as the qualifications of electors and candidates, the election organs, the election procedures, the election methods and the invalidation of the election, the handling of the election proceedings, the procedure of removing the legislators, and so on. The basic procedure and schedule for the election of legislators is stipulated in the procedure of Legislative Council Election announced by the General Election Office. Preparations for the election also include the allocation of the number of legislators to be elected: all provinces and cities are allocated according to the population, and Mongolia, Tibet, border areas, ethnic minorities, expatriates, and special ethnic groups living in the interior have their respective quotas. In addition, professional groups are also allocated quota by group. Second, the electoral process. Candidates can be nominated in two ways: nomination by political party and signature by electors. The electors sign the nominees only for independents. On the issue of party nomination, the KMT's competition and the game with the DPS and al-Shabab are very fierce. It was only then that a consensus was reached on the number of nominations and the geographical distribution, and that the election continued. Candidates can run when they are nominated, laws are in place everywhere about the way they run, and candidates campaign for themselves through a variety of campaign methods. The electoral process can be divided into regional elections and professional group elections. Basically, there is little difference between voters and some electoral regulations. Finally, the analysis of election results. From the list of elected legislators, we can see the education level, age, party and so on. It can also be analyzed that the legislative election has a large number of participants, involving a wide range of laws and regulations relatively perfect. At the same time, there are also many problems, including inadequate voter surveys, improper election of candidates, and the KMT control of the entire election process. In addition, there have been many disputes and lawsuits surrounding the election results.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D693;K26

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