周恩来与“文革”后期中央行政体制的重新整合

发布时间：2018-06-02 11:38

本文选题：周恩来 + 文化大革命　；参考：《南开大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】：研究政治学,离不开对重大政治事件和重要政治人物的研究。在当代中国众多政治事件和政治人物中,始终处于国家政治权力核心的周恩来在“文革”后期对中央行政体制的重新整合,可视为一个重大的政治事件。同时,从“重新整合”与“文革”发展进程、改革启动及中国政治、行政发展的关联度来看,它又不是一个孤立的政治事件。本文从政治学与行政学角度,以“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合为中心事件,以周恩来与中央行政体制重新整合的互动为主题,以政治事态发展、机构与人事变动、高层政治格局中力量对比为线条,在探究中央行政体制重整政治社会背景的基础上,深入剖析这次中央行政体制的重整过程、重整后的构成和运行,中央行政体制重整对中国政治发展的影响及周恩来在其中发挥的重要作用。历史的转变和发展,从来都是各发展阶段相互联系的一个过程。本文认为,“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合及运行,不仅对于当时国民经济的恢复和发展、政治社会的趋于稳定发挥了积极的作用,而且对于维系国家政治统治和进行政治管理、促进中央行政体制功能和价值的实现,对于国家政治体制的基本恢复与运行乃至中国政治、行政发展,都具有至关重要的政治价值和深远意义。同时,受“文革”指导思想和“文革”路线方针的限制和影响,它势必在一定程度上打上“文革”的时代烙印和痕迹。因此,我们必须清醒认识、客观评价、全面分析这次中央行政体制重整在中国政治、行政发展中的实际地位和作用,而不能对其任意的拔高和扩展。作为中央行政体制重新整合的主要决策者和执行者,周恩来无疑发挥了重要的政治作用和影响。本文结合周恩来在中央行政体制重整前后的政治活动,对周恩来在中央行政体制重整中的角色定位、作用及角色限制做了较为深入的剖析,并得出结论：“文革”后期,在毛泽东支持下,周恩来对于中央行政体制重新整合是对中国未来政治发展的一种筹划和政治交代。他在中央行政体制重整中所发挥的重要作用彰显了其作为一代政治伟人在身处逆境时,所表现出的讲究策略、灵活决策的高超政治韬略和鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已的高尚政治品格。作为新中国行政管理体制的奠基人,周恩来在领导和管理政府实践中形成了富有特色的行政管理思想和行政体制改革思想,这些思想不仅对于建国后中央行政体制运行,尤其是“文革”后期中央行政体制重新整合发挥了重要的作用和影响。而且,它对于当前中央行政体制改革同样具有重要的指导意义和现实启示。本文对此也做了较为深入的分析。另外,作为中央行政体制重新整合的特殊政治背景,文化大革命在很大程度上制约和延缓了中央行政体制的顺畅运行和正常调整。本文在反思“文革”教训的基础上形成了对于当前中央行政体制改革的一些思考：1.以职能转变为核心,使中央行政体制改革更加适应经济社会发展的需求。2.进一步理顺党政领导体制,为中央行政体制改革提供更加有效的政治支持。3.全面推进依法行政,坚持中央行政体制改革的法治化道路。4.推动多元主体合作,多方面培育中央行政体制改革的动力基础。5.从实际需要出发,进一步推进中央行政机构改革。
[Abstract]:The study of political science is inseparable from the study of major political events and important political figures. Among the many political events and political figures in contemporary China, Zhou Enlai, who has always been in the core of the political power of the state, reintegrated the central administrative system in the late period of the cultural revolution, which can be regarded as a major political event. "And" the Cultural Revolution "development process, reform and start and the relevance of China's political and administrative development, it is not an isolated political event.
From the angle of political and administrative science, the central administrative system was reintegrated into the central event in the later period of the cultural revolution. The theme was the reintegration of Zhou Enlai and the central administrative system, with the development of political affairs, the changes of institutions and personnel, and the contrast of power in the high political structure. On the basis of the background, the reorganization process of the central administrative system, the composition and operation of the reorganization, the influence of the reorganization of the central administrative system on the political development of China and the important role Zhou Enlai played in it were deeply analyzed.
The transformation and development of history has always been a process of interrelation between the various stages of development. This article holds that the reintegration and operation of the central administrative system in the later period of the cultural revolution not only played a positive role in the recovery and development of the national economy, and the stability of the political society, but also for the maintenance of the political rule and the state of the state. Political management, to promote the realization of the function and value of the central administrative system, is of vital political value and far-reaching significance to the basic recovery and operation of the national political system, as well as the political and administrative development of China. At the same time, it is bound to be limited and influenced by the guiding ideology of the cultural revolution and the "Cultural Revolution" line policy. Therefore, we must understand clearly and objectively evaluate the actual status and role of the reorganization of the central administrative system in the political and administrative development of China, but not to its arbitrary height and expansion.
As the main decision maker and executor of the reintegration of the central administrative system, Zhou Enlai has undoubtedly played an important political role and influence. This article, based on Zhou Enlai's political activities before and after the reorganization of the central administrative system, has made a more thorough analysis of Zhou Enlai's role, role and role limitation in the reorganization of the central administrative system. The conclusion is that in the later period of the cultural revolution, under the support of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai's reintegration of the central administrative system was a kind of planning and political substitution for the future political development of China. The important role he played in the reorganization of the central administrative system highlighted the importance it showed when he was in adversity. Strategies, flexible political decisions, superb political strategy and dedicated political character.
As the founder of the administrative system of the new China, Zhou Enlai has formed a distinctive thought of administrative management and administrative system reform in the leadership and management of government practice. These ideas not only play an important role in the operation of the central administrative system after the founding of the people's Republic, especially the reintegration of the central administrative system in the later period of the cultural revolution. And it also has important guiding significance and practical enlightenment for the current reform of the central administrative system.
In addition, as the special political background of the reintegration of the central administrative system, the cultural revolution has greatly restricted and postponed the smooth operation and normal adjustment of the central administrative system. On the basis of reflection on the lessons of the cultural revolution, this paper has formed some thoughts on the reform of the current central administrative system: 1. the transformation of functions into the core To make the reform of the central administrative system adapt to the needs of the economic and social development.2. further straighten out the leadership system of the party and the government and provide more effective political support for the reform of the central administrative system.3., to promote the administration of the law in an all-round way, and to uphold the rule of law in the reform of the central administrative system by.4. to promote the cooperation of multiple subjects and cultivate the central administration in many ways. .5., the driving force of the reform, starts from the actual needs and further promotes the reform of the central administrative organs.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K27

【引证文献】