建国初期杞县土地改革研究：1950～1952

发布时间：2018-06-03 16:42

本文选题：杞县 + 建国初期　；参考：《河南大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中华人民共和国建国初期,中国共产党面临着与建国前明显不同的局势,国家重要的任务是稳定局势和重建秩序。在新的国家形势下,土地改革运动也呈现出与建国前几次土改运动不同的特点。本文以建国初期杞县土改为个案研究对象,在查阅档案资料、吸收学术界研究成果和土改当事人口述资料收集的基础上,客观考察了杞县在土改时期的农民、地主、农村干部、政府和国家政策等情况,并分析了土改进程中乡村社会、农民、农村干部以及政策之间相互影响的微妙关系。全文共九部分:第一部分是前言,分析了建国初期杞县土改的研究价值和进行了土改研究的学术史回顾。第二部分阐述了建国初期杞县土改的背景,简要介绍了杞县的地理状况和建国前的历次土改。建国前杞县的历次土改方式激进,随着形势发展时断时续,发展的程度也不平衡。第三部分分析了建国初期杞县土改运动的过程。减租减息、剿匪反霸作为土改运动前准备阶段,农民并没有被完全组织起来,民兵作为剿匪反霸主力并且为后来土改做了干部锻炼和秩序稳定的准备。人民法庭成为建国后土改的一个法制亮点。第四部分论述了民众心理与土改运动的关系。在建国初期民众情绪由于土改政策的变动而低落,政府为了调动农民不惜变通中央的土改政策,其间还结合分析了农村社会和农民观念对土改的影响。第五部分研究了杞县土改中的地主,在建国初期的土改中有的地主并未受到严厉批斗甚至有的地主免于批斗,并且有的村庄显示了斗地主的理性。第六部分研究了土改运动中的基层干部。通过土改运动和整风运动的锻炼,土改干部基本成为农村领导阶层。第七部分探讨了土地改革复查运动。复查运动是土改必不可少的部分。在复查运动中彻底贯彻土改政策和颁发土地证,最终确立了农民土地所有权。第八部分是余论,分析并强调土地改革运动最大的意义不是在于经济上而是在于社会上的变革。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China was faced with a different situation from that before the founding of the people's Republic of China. The important task of the state is to stabilize the situation and rebuild order. In the new national situation, the land reform movement also showed different characteristics from the previous land reform movements. Taking the land reform of Qi County in the early years of the people's Republic of China as a case study object, on the basis of consulting the archives, absorbing the academic research results and collecting the oral data of the land reform parties, this paper objectively investigates the peasants, landlords and rural cadres in Qi County during the period of land reform. The paper also analyzes the subtle relationship among rural society, farmers, rural cadres and policies in the process of land reform. The first part is the preface, which analyzes the research value of the land reform in Qi County in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China and reviews the academic history of the land reform research. The second part expounds the background of the land reform in Qi County in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and briefly introduces the geographical situation of Qi County and the previous land reforms before the founding of the people's Republic of China. The land reform of Qi County before the founding of the people's Republic of China was radical, and the degree of development was not balanced with the intermittent development of the situation. The third part analyzes the process of the land reform movement in Qi County in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. Rent and interest reduction, suppression of bandits and anti-hegemony as the preparatory stage before the land reform movement, the peasants were not completely organized, the militia acted as the main force to suppress bandits against hegemonism and made preparations for cadre training and stability of order for later land reform. The people's Court became a legal highlight of land reform after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The fourth part discusses the relationship between popular psychology and land reform movement. In the early years of the people's Republic of China, the mood of the people was depressed because of the change of the land reform policy. In order to mobilize the peasants to change the central land reform policy, the government also analyzed the influence of the rural society and the peasant concept on the land reform. The fifth part studies the landlords in the land reform of Qi County. Some landlords did not receive severe criticism or even some landlords were exempted from criticism in the early period of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and some villages showed the rationality of fighting landlords. The sixth part studies the grassroots cadres in the land reform movement. Through the land reform movement and the rectification movement exercise, the land reform cadres basically become the rural leadership class. The seventh part discusses the land reform reexamination movement. Review movement is an essential part of land reform. Carry out the land reform policy and issue land certificate thoroughly in the reexamination movement, finally established the farmer land ownership. The eighth part is the conclusion that the greatest significance of the land reform movement lies not in economy but in social change.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K27

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