民国保甲诉讼中的“罪名”与“罪行”——以甘肃保甲讼案为中心

发布时间：2018-06-07 20:21

本文选题：民国时期 + 保甲制度　；参考：《甘肃社会科学》2017年04期

【摘要】：中国皇权时代,国家对基层社会的控制一般求助于低成本的"人与人之间的连带责任"和礼法教化。自民国以来,乡村社会的一个明显变化是各类诉讼的与日俱增,尤其是在20世纪三四十年代,与之相关的保甲诉讼更是日渐频繁。综观这一时期的保甲诉讼,诉讼之主体与客体之间不仅存在个人恩怨、集体性利益、乡镇保长与民众的对立,亦含有政府权威和各级地方政府之间的关系等。透视上述各类案例,人们仍能感受到战争年代农村社会的贫困和农民生活的悲怜。生性保守、害怕诉讼的朴实乡民之所以会诉讼频繁,其背后隐藏的不仅仅是这一时期沉重的田赋兵役和繁苛的临时摊派,亦折射出挣扎在生存边缘的中国农民对生存权利的追求和对公平正义的渴望。
[Abstract]:In the age of imperial power in China, the state's control over the grassroots society generally turned to the low-cost "joint and several responsibilities between people" and the moralization of etiquette and law. Since the Republic of China, one of the obvious changes in rural society is the increasing number of lawsuits, especially in the 1930s and 1940s. Looking at the Protective Litigation in this period, there are not only personal grudges and collective interests between the subject and object of the lawsuit, but also the opposition between the township chief and the public, and the relationship between the authority of the government and the local governments at all levels and so on. Looking through all these cases, people can still feel the poverty of rural society and the misery of peasants' life during the war. It is not just the heavy land tax service and the onerous temporary assessments that hide behind the conservative, simple villagers who are afraid of litigation so frequently that they are litigating frequently. It also reflects the Chinese peasants' pursuit of the right to survival and their desire for fairness and justice.
【作者单位】：山西大学近代中国研究所;
【基金】：2016年度山西省高等学校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“民国乡镇保长群体与山西乡村社会变迁研究”(项目编号为2016210) 中国博士后科学基金第60批面上一等资助项目(项目编号为2016M600198)
【分类号】：K258

【参考文献】