《每周评论》与五四新文化运动

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:36

本文选题：每周评论 + 五四新文化运动　；参考：《山东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 1918年12月22日在北京创刊的《每周评论》是中国五四运动时期宣传新思潮的时事政治性周刊,初由陈独秀、李大钊主编;第26期起,因陈独秀被捕,改由李大钊、胡适主编;一个月后,由胡适主编。撰稿人除上述3人外,还有周作人、张申府、罗家伦、高一涵等。每期出4开4版。辟有“国外大事评述”、“国内大事评述”、“社论”、“随感录”、“新文艺”、“国内劳动状况”等栏目,还出有“对于新旧思潮的舆论”、“对于北京学生运动的舆论”等“特别附录”。该刊旨在“主张公理,反对强权”,内容侧重时事评述,文学创作和文艺批评。此刊物结合国内外的现实,大力批判封建文化思想和专制政治,注重反映国内劳工问题,广泛报道欧洲无产阶级革命运动与十月革命后苏俄的状况。五四运动中,连续以全部篇幅报道与支持爱国学生运动。由胡适主编后,删削政治时事性内容,大量登载杜威讲演录与罗素的著作。在第31期上,胡适发表了《多研究些问题,少谈些主义》一文,引起了“问题与主义”的论战。1919年8月30日出至第37期被北洋政府查禁。《每周评论》是五四新文化运动的旗帜,在国内外有广泛的影响。以《每周评论》为切入点,涉及大众传媒、民俗心理、群体心态以及国际关系等诸多领域,运用报刊学、新闻学、大众心理学以及社会学分析《每周评论》与五四运动的关系。采用计量分析、比较分析等不同的史学分析方法研究《每周评论》以及对比《每周评论》与其他媒体如《新青年》、《晨报》、《星期评论》等对五四运动的影响。进而管窥五四新文化派知识分子有“合作”到“转向”直至“分裂”的过程。本文共分八个部分: 第一部分主要对《每周评论》的创刊背景、宗旨,撰稿人、主要栏目、经营状况以及停刊原因等方面进行了总体介绍,并对某些相关误读或不准确的认识予以订正和商榷,对该报的基本状况做一整体把握和正确认识。第二部分是《每周评论》视野下的反对孔教运动。《每周评论》发动新旧思潮激战反对孔教运动,表现出五四新文化派的一致团结对外。第三部分是《每周评论》与激进民主主义。《每周评论》的《新文艺》、《社论》、《随感录》的文章,反传统、兴民主,可以看出五四新文化派的政治转向及其思想差异。第四部分分析成舍我摘译的《共产党宣言》、张慰慈对马克思主义的传播,介绍《每周评论》上进行的“问题与主义的论战”。这既体现了《每周评论》对马克思主义的传播,也表明了五四新文化派的分裂。第五部分是《每周评论》对五四运动进程的报道。五四运动是五四新文化运动的高潮,也是《每周评论》重要报道的事件。《每周评论》大篇幅的报道五四运动,凸显《每周评论》在五四运动中的舆论鼓动作用,这反映了《每周评论》应时而诞生与《每周评论》在五四运动中的重要地位和作用。第六部分以《国内劳动状况》专栏为视角,分析《每周评论》对下层劳动群体的关注,反映了具有初步共产主义的知识分子的产生,标志着五四新文化派知识分子最终分裂。第七部分分析《每周评论》转向的情况,进而管窥五四新文化运动时期新知识分子的“激进”情绪,以及胡适派新知识分子的“激进”与“保守”心态。第八部分论述《每周评论》的得失。通过分析《每周评论》对五四新文化运动的影响,进而对五四新文化运动进行反思。
[Abstract]:On December 22 , 1918 , the weekly commentary published in Beijing was the latest edition of China ' s May 4th Movement to publicize the new trend of thought .

This paper analyzes the influence of weekly commentary on May 4th Movement by means of different historical methods such as press science , journalism , mass psychology and sociology .

The first part mainly introduces the background , purpose , author , main column , business status and reasons of the issue of the weekly review , and revise and discuss some relevant misunderstanding or inaccurate knowledge , and make a whole grasp and correct understanding of the basic condition of the newspaper .

The second part is the anti - confucianism movement in the view of the weekly commentary , the weekly commentary on the launch of the new and old ideological trend to fight the confucianism movement , showing the unity and unity of the five - four new cultural schools .

The third part is the weekly commentary and radical democracy . Weekly comments on the new literature and art criticism of the May 4th New Culture School , the anti - tradition and the xing democracy , can see the political turning of the May 4th New Culture School and its ideological differences .

The fourth part analyzes the dissemination of Marxism by the Communist Party Declaration of the Communist Party of China , which is translated by me , and introduces the " debate on the problem and doctrine " made on the weekly commentary , which not only reflects the spread of Marxism to Marxism every week , but also shows the division of the May 4th New Culture School .

The fifth part is the weekly commentary on the May 4th Movement . The May 4th Movement is the culmination of the May 4th New Culture Movement , and is also the event of the weekly review of the important report . The weekly commentary on the May 4th Movement highlights the importance and role of the weekly commentary on the May 4th Movement .

In the sixth part , the author analyzes the concern about the lower labor group , which reflects the emergence of intellectuals with primary communism , which marks the final division of the intellectuals of the May 4th New Culture .

In the seventh part , the author analyzes the situation of the " radical " emotion of the new intellectuals during the May 4th New Culture Movement , and the " radical " and " conservative " mentality of Hu Shi ' s new intellectuals .

In the eighth part , the author discusses the gains and losses of every week ' s comments on the May 4th New Culture Movement through the analysis of the impact of the weekly commentary on the May 4th New Culture Movement .
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K261

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