媒介、事件与认同构建:美童公学筹款运动与上海美侨社区的形成

发布时间：2018-08-03 17:20

【摘要】：近代上海创办的英文报刊不仅是欧美侨民理解中国和联系母国的重要媒介,而且还担纲了欧美侨民构建国家认同和凝聚社区意识的关键角色。上海美国侨民从第一次世界大战前英法侨民的"附庸"到战后具有自我意识的独立社区的形成,《密勒氏评论报》《大陆报》《北华捷报》等报刊借助其喉舌作用,以美童公学两次筹款运动为中心,争相呼吁,社会动员,帮助美童公学筹措款项、购置土地,1923年建成适宜的永久性新校舍,进而提高在华美侨儿童的教育水准。而于1930年代美童公学遭遇经济困境之际,报刊再次成为有力推手,初具规模的美侨社区则伸出援助之手,助其渡过难关。媒介围绕筹款运动进行的舆论动员,令身在异邦的美国人重构了国家认同,上海美侨社区作为一个完整的社区形态也因此形成。
[Abstract]:The English newspaper founded in Shanghai in modern times is not only an important medium for the European and American diaspora to understand China and contact their home country, but also plays a key role in the construction of national identity and the agglomeration of community consciousness. From the "vassal" of the British and French expatriates in Shanghai before the first World War to the formation of independent self-conscious communities after the war, newspapers and periodicals such as the Miller Review, the Continental News, and the Beihua Jiebao used their mouthpiece to act as their mouthpieces. Focusing on the two fund-raising campaigns of Meitong Public School, this paper argues for social mobilization to help Meitong Public School raise funds, purchase land, and build a suitable new school building in 1923, thus raising the educational standards of overseas Chinese children in the United States. In the 1930s, when Meitong Public School encountered economic difficulties, the press became a powerful force once again, and the newly formed American overseas Chinese community extended a helping hand to help them tide over the difficulties. The media mobilized public opinion around the fund-raising movement, which made the Americans in foreign countries reconstruct their national identity, and the American overseas Chinese community in Shanghai as a complete community form was formed as a result.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院历史研究所;
【分类号】：G519;K25

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