晚清（1840-1911）文人鉴藏活动研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 12:01

【摘要】：清代，随着考据学的繁荣发展与金石学的复兴，文人士子借证经补史、考释著录而大肆搜集古物、器玩的现象较为普遍，这一时期各类鉴藏活动日益频繁，乾嘉之际达到鼎盛阶段。嘉道以后因国势渐衰，官府收藏古物的力度较之此前相对削弱，，相比之下的私家收藏却渐趋兴盛。文人作为晚清私家收藏的主体，在古物鉴藏活动中愈来愈发挥着主导作用，并直接影响到社会其他阶层，进而形成了崇古、玩古、鉴古、藏古的社会风尚。道咸已降，在内忧外患不断加剧、时局动荡的前提下，文人的境遇、习尚、心态等较之历史上任何一个新旧交替时期都更为复杂，其所从事的古物鉴藏也有别于其他历史阶段。因此，本文以晚清（1840-1911）文人的鉴藏活动为切入，主要围绕雅集和游艺加以论述。旨在理清这一时期文人鉴藏活动发展、演变的基本脉络，阐明其鉴藏活动的主要方式，探寻其鉴藏活动的基本特征，并揭示此间崇古、玩古、鉴古之鉴藏风尚形成的内在原因，以及文人的审美趣味和精神追求，试图还原一个以文人为主体而构筑的“乱世”鉴藏生态。本文共分为三个部分：第一部分，从晚清文人所开展的文会、结社两种雅集活动中来看此间文人的鉴藏活动。第二部分，围绕晚清文人的游艺活动，从市肆游艺和交游两个层面来看考量文人的鉴藏活动。第三部分，探析晚清文人鉴藏活动对当时的艺术创作、学术研究、艺术品市场以及文化生活等多方面所产生的影响。本文在一定程度上弥补了晚清艺术品鉴藏、艺术市场发展史等研究的不足，以期从艺术品鉴藏这一角度，重新审视晚清艺术史，并对推动艺术史及相关领域研究进一步走向深入有所助益。
[Abstract]:In the Qing Dynasty, with the flourishing development of textual research and the revival of petrology, literati scholars collected antiquities by means of evidences and records, and collected antiquities. The phenomenon of playing with instruments was relatively common. During this period, various kinds of collecting activities became more and more frequent. The Qianjia period reached its peak. Due to the decline of state power, the strength of the government collection of antiquities was relatively weakened, but the private collection gradually flourished. As the main body of the private collection in the late Qing Dynasty, the literati played a more and more leading role in the collection of antiquities, and directly affected other social strata, and then formed the social custom of worshiping, playing, discriminating and hiding. Under the premise of increasing internal and external troubles and turbulence, the situation of literati, Xi Shang, mentality and so on are more complicated than any new and old period in history, and their collection of ancient treasures is different from other historical stages. Therefore, this paper focuses on the collection activities of literati in the late Qing Dynasty (1840-1911). The purpose of this period is to clarify the basic context of the development and evolution of the activities of the literati in this period, to elucidate the main ways of the activities, to explore the basic characteristics of the activities, and to reveal the internal causes of the custom of worshiping the ancient, playing with the ancient and the customs of discriminating the ancient. As well as the aesthetic taste and spiritual pursuit of literati, trying to restore a "troubled times" collection ecology constructed by literati as the main body. This article is divided into three parts: the first part, from the late Qing literati's literary meeting, association two kinds of elegant collection activities to see the literati's collection activities here. The second part focuses on the recreation activities of literati in the late Qing Dynasty. The third part analyzes the influence of the late Qing Dynasty literati collection activities on the artistic creation, academic research, art market and cultural life. To a certain extent, this paper makes up for the deficiency of the research on the collection of artistic traits and the history of the development of art market in the late Qing Dynasty, in order to re-examine the art history of the late Qing Dynasty from the perspective of the collection of artistic traits. It is helpful to promote the art history and related field research.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G894;K252

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