二十世纪二、三十年代新式劳动力生活状况研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 17:10

【摘要】： 论文以20世纪二三十年代的新式劳动力为研究对象,新式劳动力主要是和传统自给自足的传统劳动者即农民相区别,主要包含产业工人,人力车夫、码头工人等苦力工人以及各类职员。研究以1920年作为起始,终于1939年,叙述了工人(新式劳动力)发展、壮大,并对新旧劳动力分别进行了界定。正文共分四个部分。分别是：产业工人的生活状况研究,人力车夫、码头工人等苦力工人的生活状况研究,职员群体的生活状况研究以及各类工人群体的比较。在每一部分中分别对工人的收入支出、衣食住行、嗜好娱乐、教育程度进行研究。不同行业、地区、工种、季节,工人的收入各不相同,产业工人的生活状况要高于苦力工人的生活状况,而职员的生活状况又高于产业工人的生活状况,职员群体的生活安定富足,工人居中,以苦力工人最差,他们仅能维持最基本的生活。工人与传统的农民相比,在收入支出、衣食住行、嗜好娱乐、教育程度等方面两者均有较大差异,农民无论在生活水平还是教育程度上都逊于工人。工人通过进城做工,改善了生活、补贴了家用,并在一定程度上享受到了现代文明成果。另外,将国内外工人的生活进行比较,与同一时代的他国工人相比,不同类别的工人比较的结果各不相同。
[Abstract]:The thesis takes the new labor force of the 1920s and 1930s as the research object. The new labor force is mainly different from the traditional self-sufficient traditional laborer, namely the farmer, mainly includes the industrial worker, the human rickshaw man. Dock workers and other drillers and all kinds of staff. The study began in 1920, and finally in 1939, described the development of workers (new labor force), and defined the new and old labor force respectively. The text is divided into four parts. They are: the study on the living conditions of industrial workers, the study on the living conditions of drudgery workers such as rickshaw pullers and wharf workers, the study on the living conditions of the staff groups and the comparison of various workers' groups. In each part, the income of workers, food, clothing, accommodation, entertainment, education level were studied. The income of workers varies in different industries, regions, types of work, seasons and seasons. The living conditions of industrial workers are higher than those of drudgery workers, and the living conditions of employees are higher than those of industrial workers. The workers are in the middle, and the coolies are the worst. They can only maintain a basic life. Compared with the traditional peasants, there are great differences in income expenditure, food, clothing, housing and transportation, hobbies and entertainment, education and so on. The peasants' living standard and education level are inferior to those of the workers. By working in cities, workers improved their lives, subsidised their homes and enjoyed the fruits of modern civilization to some extent. In addition, comparing the life of workers at home and abroad, the results of comparison between different categories of workers are different compared with those of other countries of the same era.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K258

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