20世纪50—80年代敦煌农田水利建设研究

发布时间：2018-08-30 20:41

【摘要】：自古以来,水利灌溉就是种植农业生产的生命线。水利是社会生产力的一个重要组成部分,是衡量农业进步和社会进步的重要标准,同时体现着政府的执政能力,国家重视水利,水利则兴,水利兴则农业兴,农业兴则社会安定、繁荣,反之则相反。新中国成立后,为了促进我国经济发展和现代化建设,党和政府制定了一系列政策推动我国水利建设事业的发展。本文选择笔者家乡河西走廊西部的沙漠绿洲敦煌,对其20世纪50—80年代的农田水利建设进行考察和总结。敦煌位于甘肃省河西走廊西端,是一个主要依靠祁连山融雪灌溉的农业地区,也是河西走廊西部重要的商品粮基地之一。水利是戈壁绿洲的命脉,水利事业的发展是敦煌工农业和其他各项建设事业持续、稳定发展的重要保障。本文论述了新中国成立后在党和政府领导下敦煌农田水利建设的全貌,期间虽然存在许多问题但也取得了很大的成绩,特别是当时修建的党河水库工程沿用至今,对现在敦煌社会的发展,有着不可估量的意义。本文主要以20世纪50—80年代敦煌农田水利建设为研究重点,利用尽可能详细的文献资料以及当事人的回忆,考察这一时期的农田水利建设情况。首先通过敦煌的自然环境和近代水利建设的概况,论述了敦煌进行农田水利建设的条件。其次分三个阶段展示了20世纪50—80年代敦煌农田水利的建设历程,包括初步开展时期、曲折发展时期以及水利建设的新阶段。其中分析了敦煌典型水利工程——党河水库的修建过程、当时修建存在的问题和应对措施,以及党河水库的修建给人民生产生活带来的巨大变化。最后将农田水利建设过程中取得的成绩与经验教训进行客观分析,尽可能完整的揭示这段农田水利建设的历史,折射出敦煌农田水利建设的深远影响。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, water conservancy irrigation is the lifeline of planting agricultural production. Water conservancy is an important component of social productive forces, an important standard for measuring agricultural progress and social progress, and at the same time reflects the government's governing ability. The state attaches importance to water conservancy, water conservancy is flourishing, and water conservancy makes agriculture prosperous. Agricultural prosperity is social stability, prosperity, vice versa. After the founding of New China, in order to promote the economic development and modernization of our country, the Party and the government formulated a series of policies to promote the development of water conservancy construction in China. This paper selects Dunhuang, a desert oasis in the west of Hexi Corridor, to investigate and summarize the irrigation and water conservancy construction in the 50-80 's of the 20th century. Dunhuang is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province. It is an agricultural area mainly irrigated by melting snow in the Qilian Mountains. It is also one of the important commodity grain bases in the western part of the Hexi Corridor. Water conservancy is the lifeblood of Gobi oasis, and the development of water conservancy is an important guarantee for the sustainable and stable development of Dunhuang industry, agriculture and other construction undertakings. This paper discusses the whole picture of the irrigation and water conservancy construction in Dunhuang under the leadership of the Party and the government after the founding of New China. Although there are many problems during the period, great achievements have been made, especially the Danghe Reservoir Project, which was built at that time. It is of inestimable significance to the development of Dunhuang society. This paper focuses on the construction of irrigation and water conservancy in Dunhuang in the 50-80 's of the 20th century, and makes use of the detailed documents as well as the memories of the parties concerned to investigate the construction of irrigation and water conservancy in this period. Firstly, through the natural environment of Dunhuang and the general situation of water conservancy construction in modern times, the paper discusses the conditions of irrigation and water conservancy construction in Dunhuang. Secondly, it shows the construction process of irrigation and water conservancy in Dunhuang in the 50-80 's of the 20th century, including the initial development period, the tortuous development period and the new stage of water conservancy construction. The paper analyzes the construction process of Danghe Reservoir, a typical water conservancy project in Dunhuang, the existing problems and countermeasures at that time, and the great changes brought about by the construction of Danghe Reservoir to people's production and life. Finally, the achievements and lessons gained in the process of irrigation and water conservancy construction are analyzed objectively, and the history of irrigation and water conservancy construction in Dunhuang is revealed as completely as possible, which reflects the far-reaching influence of irrigation and water conservancy construction in Dunhuang.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S27;K27

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