抗战时期国统区高等教育的发展及其对策研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 12:28

【摘要】：抗战爆发后,日本帝国主义对中国高等教育机关轰炸破坏,各高校的仪器、图书及教员等大量流失,损失惨重。尽管如此,由于国民政府对高等教育的重视,加之高校自身的不断调整,高等教育事业在遭受战争初期的重大损失之后,仍然得到了较快的恢复和发展。为了解决高等教育所面临的困境,国民政府采取了诸如组织各高校内迁、救济教员及学生、统一招生考试等措施；对于高等教育的改进与充实,也时时注意。如登记失业教师,分别指派进行教育研究工作；改进课程、充实设备等。各高校也积极争取资金补助,注意改善与迁入地政府之间的关系,结合当地实际进行科学研究等。国民政府及高校采取的应变措施促进了战时国统区高等教育的发展。高校的规模及数量有所增长；图书、仪器设备得到充实;学术氛围更加浓厚；教学质量得以提高。这就为国家的发展、社会的进步创造了良好的条件。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Japanese imperialists bombed and destroyed higher education institutions in China. However, due to the importance attached by the national government to higher education and the constant adjustment of colleges and universities themselves, the cause of higher education has been rapidly restored and developed after the heavy losses in the early stage of the war. In order to solve the difficulties faced by higher education, the National Government has taken measures such as organizing the internal relocation of colleges and universities, providing relief to teachers and students, and unifying the enrollment examination, and has always paid attention to the improvement and enrichment of higher education. Such as registration of unemployed teachers, assigned to carry out educational research; improve the curriculum, equipment and so on. Colleges and universities also actively strive for funding subsidies, pay attention to improving the relationship with the local government, combining with the local reality to carry out scientific research. The contingency measures adopted by the National Government and universities have promoted the development of higher education in the wartime state-controlled areas. The scale and quantity of colleges and universities have been increased, books, instruments and equipment have been enriched, academic atmosphere has become stronger, and teaching quality has been improved. This has created favorable conditions for national development and social progress.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265

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