中共对于国民党北伐的态度及其演变
发布时间：2018-09-15 19:50
【摘要】：1920年代的北伐是孙中山和国民党将革命由南方向北方发展,以统一中国和实行民主政治为目的,带有反帝反封的革命意义的军事行动。中共立足于国共合作,对孙中山和历次北伐都表明自己的支持或反对态度,对北伐产生了重要影响与作用。大体说来,中共对于北伐的态度是不断变化的,经历了由分歧走向统一的演变过程。在党内,中共主要领导人、地方党组织以及中共中央在对待国民党北伐问题上曾存在一定分歧,后在共产国际的影响与国民党的压力下,中共的北伐态度趋于比较一致。总体上说,初期中国共产党反对北伐,之后随着国内形势的发展,中共转而改变态度,积极主张北伐。到了后期,由于“中山舰”事件和“整理党务案”,中共领导人对北伐曾一度采取消极的态度,但是随着革命形势继续发展,中共最终统一认识,继续支持北伐。 中共对于北伐的态度及其演变,主要受到共产国际和国民党的双重影响。在共产国际方面,不仅有民主集中的组织原则,而且有共产国际在中国的机构或驻中国代表直接影响和指导中共开展国民革命。在国民党方面,不仅有国民党的报刊舆论对中共进行批评,而且有共产国际代表同时担任国民党政治顾问的鲍罗廷施加影响于中共。因此中共对于北伐的态度演变是围绕着共产国际的策略变化及国民党方面的要求而演变。由此在中共党内出现了右倾和机会主义错误。当然,中共对于北伐的态度,也一定程度上影响着共产国际的北伐决策,影响着国民党的军事行动,对北伐战争也有重要影响。中共在对待北伐问题上亦存在着重大的不足与失误,这给中共以极其深刻的经验教训,促使中共逐步认识到中国革命的规律,不断走向成熟。
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in the 1920s was a military action that Sun Zhongshan and the Kuomintang developed the revolution from south to north with the aim of unifying China and carrying out democratic politics with the revolutionary significance of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. Based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China has expressed its support or opposition to Sun Zhongshan and the previous Northern Expedition, which has had an important influence and effect on the Northern Expedition. In general, the Communist Party's attitude to the Northern Expedition is constantly changing and has undergone a process of evolution from divergence to unification. In the party, the main leaders of the CPC, the local party organizations and the CPC Central Committee had some differences on the issue of the Kuomintang Northern Expedition, but under the influence of the Comintern International and the pressure of the Kuomintang, the attitude of the Communist Party of China towards the Northern Expedition tended to be more consistent. In general, the Chinese Communist Party opposed the Northern Expedition in the early days, and then, as the domestic situation developed, the Communist Party changed its attitude and actively advocated the Northern Expedition. In the late stage, due to the "Zhongshan ship" incident and "sorting out the party affairs case," the Chinese Communist leaders once adopted a negative attitude toward the Northern Expedition, but with the continued development of the revolutionary situation, the CPC finally unified its understanding and continued to support the Northern Expedition. The attitude and evolution of the Communist Party of China toward the Northern Expedition were mainly influenced by the Comintern and the Kuomintang. In the aspect of Comintern, there is not only the organization principle of democratic centralization, but also the organization or representative of Comintern in China, which directly influences and guides the Chinese Communist Party to carry out the national revolution. On the Kuomintang side, not only did the Kuomintang press and public opinion criticize the CPC, but also the representative of Comintern, who was also the political adviser to the Kuomintang, exerted influence on the CPC. Therefore, the Communist Party's attitude toward the Northern Expedition evolved around the strategic changes of the Communist International and the demands of the Kuomintang. This led to right-leaning and opportunistic errors within the Communist Party of China. Of course, the attitude of the Chinese Communists to the Northern Expedition also influenced the decision of the Communist International in the Northern Expedition to a certain extent, affected the Kuomintang's military action, and also had an important impact on the Northern Expedition War. The Communist Party of China also has great shortcomings and mistakes in dealing with the issue of the Northern Expedition, which gives the CPC extremely profound experience and lessons, and urges the CPC to gradually recognize the laws of the Chinese revolution and to continue to mature.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K262
本文编号：2244340
[Abstract]:The Northern Expedition in the 1920s was a military action that Sun Zhongshan and the Kuomintang developed the revolution from south to north with the aim of unifying China and carrying out democratic politics with the revolutionary significance of anti-imperialist and anti-feudal. Based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China has expressed its support or opposition to Sun Zhongshan and the previous Northern Expedition, which has had an important influence and effect on the Northern Expedition. In general, the Communist Party's attitude to the Northern Expedition is constantly changing and has undergone a process of evolution from divergence to unification. In the party, the main leaders of the CPC, the local party organizations and the CPC Central Committee had some differences on the issue of the Kuomintang Northern Expedition, but under the influence of the Comintern International and the pressure of the Kuomintang, the attitude of the Communist Party of China towards the Northern Expedition tended to be more consistent. In general, the Chinese Communist Party opposed the Northern Expedition in the early days, and then, as the domestic situation developed, the Communist Party changed its attitude and actively advocated the Northern Expedition. In the late stage, due to the "Zhongshan ship" incident and "sorting out the party affairs case," the Chinese Communist leaders once adopted a negative attitude toward the Northern Expedition, but with the continued development of the revolutionary situation, the CPC finally unified its understanding and continued to support the Northern Expedition. The attitude and evolution of the Communist Party of China toward the Northern Expedition were mainly influenced by the Comintern and the Kuomintang. In the aspect of Comintern, there is not only the organization principle of democratic centralization, but also the organization or representative of Comintern in China, which directly influences and guides the Chinese Communist Party to carry out the national revolution. On the Kuomintang side, not only did the Kuomintang press and public opinion criticize the CPC, but also the representative of Comintern, who was also the political adviser to the Kuomintang, exerted influence on the CPC. Therefore, the Communist Party's attitude toward the Northern Expedition evolved around the strategic changes of the Communist International and the demands of the Kuomintang. This led to right-leaning and opportunistic errors within the Communist Party of China. Of course, the attitude of the Chinese Communists to the Northern Expedition also influenced the decision of the Communist International in the Northern Expedition to a certain extent, affected the Kuomintang's military action, and also had an important impact on the Northern Expedition War. The Communist Party of China also has great shortcomings and mistakes in dealing with the issue of the Northern Expedition, which gives the CPC extremely profound experience and lessons, and urges the CPC to gradually recognize the laws of the Chinese revolution and to continue to mature.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K262
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 刘向东;中共“一大”至“五大”党员队伍发展壮大的历史考察[D];郑州大学;2012年
，本文编号：2244340
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