蒙藏委员会与蒙藏事务研究

发布时间：2018-09-19 06:04

【摘要】：蒙藏委员会,是南京国民政府成立的专门治理蒙藏事务的机构,其根本目的是对西藏、蒙古地区实施有效管辖。为恢复中央和西藏地方的正常关系,蒙藏委员会制定了一系列法规,采取了种种措施,其存在的二十余年时间里,对蒙藏的政治、教育、宗教、司法、财政、民政、农牧、工商、交通等进行了管理及参与。蒙藏委员会成立之后,调查蒙藏等边疆少数民族地区的情况,沟通中央与地方的关系,处理蒙藏重要事务,促进蒙藏教育事业的发展,加强了中央与地方的联系,维护了民族团结和祖国统一,密切了边疆民族与中央政府的联系。本文主要研究了蒙藏委员会对蒙藏政策的推行情况,首先对蒙藏委员会的设立、组织机构和职能等进行了综合概述,对其机构演变及前身作了简单介绍,在此基础上对蒙藏委员会坚持“主权原则”处理蒙藏政务进行研究。之后,又分别从宗教、经济和教育等方面对蒙藏委员会在蒙藏地区的治理情况进行研究,分析了蒙藏委员会治理蒙藏过程中的积极因素及不利之处。最后,总结了蒙藏委员会在蒙藏政治、宗教、经济和教育等方面的成功和失败之处。从蒙藏委员会治理的效果来看,有成功也有失败。其成立之初,由于国内环境相对稳定,国民政府又比较积极地治理蒙藏,蒙藏委员会治理蒙藏的效果较好,抗日战争和解放战争时期,蒙藏委员会对蒙藏的治理效果欠佳,国民政府注意力不得不转移。得不到中央政府的全力支持,蒙藏委员会对蒙藏事务是心有余而力不足。总之,蒙藏委员会在治理蒙藏的过程中,做出了很大的努力,也取得了一定的成果。回顾历史,揭示问题,无疑具有积极的现实意义,为后来治理蒙藏提供了帮助和借鉴。
[Abstract]:The Mongolian and Tibetan Committee is a special organization set up by the Nanjing National Government to administer Mongolian and Tibetan affairs. Its fundamental purpose is to exercise effective jurisdiction over Tibet and Mongolia. In order to restore normal relations between the Central Committee and Tibet, the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee has formulated a series of laws and regulations and adopted various measures. During its more than 20 years of existence, it has provided political, educational, religious, judicial, financial, civil, agricultural and pastoral affairs to Mongolia and Tibet. Business, transportation and other management and participation. After the establishment of the Mongolian-Tibetan Commission, it investigated the situation in the borderland minority areas such as Mongolia and Tibet, communicated the relations between the central and local authorities, handled the important affairs of Mongolia and Tibet, promoted the development of educational undertakings between Mongolia and Tibet, and strengthened the links between the central and local governments. National unity and the reunification of the motherland have been safeguarded, and the border ethnic groups have been closely linked with the central government. This paper mainly studies the implementation of the Mongolian and Tibetan policy of the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee. Firstly, it gives a comprehensive overview of the establishment, organization and functions of the Mongolian and Tibetan Commission, and briefly introduces the evolution of its organization and its predecessor. On this basis, the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee adhere to the "sovereignty principle" to handle Mongolian and Tibetan government affairs. After that, the paper studies the governance of Mongolian and Tibetan committees in the area of Mongolia and Tibet from the aspects of religion, economy and education, and analyzes the positive factors and disadvantages in the process of controlling Mongolia and Tibet by the committee of Mongolia and Tibet. Finally, the paper summarizes the successes and failures of Mongolian-Tibetan Committee in politics, religion, economy and education. Judging from the effect of the Mengzang Committee, there are successes and failures. At the beginning of its establishment, due to the relative stability of the domestic environment, the National Government took a more active role in administering Mongolia and Tibet, and the Mongolian and Tibetan committees had better results in controlling Mongolia and Tibet. During the War of Resistance against Japan and the War of Liberation, the Mongolian and Tibetan committees did not have a good effect on the governance of Mongolia and Tibet. The attention of the national government had to be diverted. Without the full support of the central government, the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee has more than enough effort to handle Mongolian and Tibetan affairs. In a word, the Mengzang Committee made great efforts and made some achievements in the process of administering Mongolia and Tibet. Reviewing history and revealing problems undoubtedly have positive practical significance and provide help and reference for the later management of Mongolia and Tibet.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K262.9

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