潮汕地区农业合作化运动与农村社会研究（1953-1957）
发布时间：2018-09-19 07:13
【摘要】：农业合作化运动是20世纪50年代中国共产党在土地改革的基础上,对农村进行的一次经济体制变革,它不仅完成了对农业的社会主义改造,转变分散的个体经济为土地、劳力集中分配的集体经济;同时也对农村社会的政治、基层组织等方面产生了重大的影响。潮汕地区是我国著名的侨乡,同时也是广东的粮食高产区,该区域的农业合作化运动开展较早且具有典型性,可以看作是广东合作化运动的缩影。以往对于区域农业合作化运动的考察多是从政策史或者是社会史的角度出发,从国家、农村、农民的互动进行讨论的不多。本文除梳理潮汕地区的农业合作化发展历程外,还要从农民家庭收入、农民的心态如退社等行为进行全方位的探索,将区域研究与宏观背景相联结,使整体与个案分析相结合,全面而详尽的再现潮汕地区的农业合作化运动的真实场景。不仅要密切注意党和政府在特定情况下所推行的方针、政策,也要深度剖析这些政策的具体实践情况及对乡村社会的影响。本文正文主要分为五个部分:第一部分主要是分析农业合作化运动前潮汕地区的农村社会背景,即包括土地改革后的地权关系、农民的生产生活水平以及思想动态、华侨相关事宜,并试图从这几个方面来解释农民走上互助合作道路的原因。第二部分主要是将潮汕地区的农业合作化运动进行系统地梳理,具体的论述互助组、初级社、高级社三个不同阶段的发展情况,将其发展进程脉络清晰地展示出来。第三部分主要针对这场运动中农民“闹退社”行为进行分析,深层次对农民退社的原因进行探索,以及不同阶层的农民在这场运动中的反映,更加真实、全面的揭示潮汕地区农业合作化运动的情况。第四部分主要是分析农业合作化运动的开展对潮汕地区农民的心态、家计等方面带来的影响。与此同时,结合潮汕侨乡的特点,对当时的侨务问题进行简单的阐述,突出潮汕农业合作化运动的地域特点。第五部分是对潮汕农业合作化运动进行全面、辩证地评价,并通过反思这场运动,希望能给当代的农业发展提供借鉴和启示。
[Abstract]:On the basis of land reform, the Communist Party of China carried out an economic restructuring in rural areas in the 1950s. It not only completed the socialist transformation of agriculture, but also transformed the scattered individual economy into land. The collective economy of concentrated distribution of labor also has a great influence on the politics and grass-roots organizations of rural society. Chaoshan area is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in our country, and it is also a high-yielding area of grain in Guangdong. The agricultural cooperative movement in this area was carried out earlier and typical, which can be regarded as the epitome of Guangdong cooperative movement. In the past, the investigation of the regional agricultural cooperative movement was mostly from the perspective of policy history or social history, and the interaction between the country, rural areas and farmers was not discussed much. In addition to combing the development course of agricultural cooperation in Chaoshan area, this paper also explores the farmers' family income and peasants' mentality, such as withdrawing from the cooperative society, so as to combine the regional research with the macro background, so as to combine the whole with the case analysis. Comprehensive and detailed reproduction of Chaoshan agricultural cooperative movement of the real scene. We should not only pay close attention to the principles and policies carried out by the Party and the government under certain circumstances, but also analyze in depth the concrete practical situation of these policies and their impact on rural society. The main body of this paper is divided into five parts: the first part is mainly to analyze the rural social background of Chaoshan area before the agricultural co-operative movement, that is, including the land right relations after land reform, the peasants' production and living standard and the ideological dynamics. Overseas Chinese related issues, and from these aspects to explain the farmers on the path of mutual help and cooperation. The second part mainly combs the agricultural cooperative movement in Chaoshan area systematically, discusses the development situation of three different stages of mutual aid group, primary cooperative group and senior cooperative group, and shows its development process clearly. The third part mainly analyzes the peasants' behavior of "calling off the co-operatives" in this movement, deeply explores the reasons for the peasants' withdrawal from the co-operatives, and the reflection of the peasants from different strata in this movement, which is more true. Fully reveal the Chaoshan area agricultural cooperative movement. The fourth part mainly analyzes the impact of agricultural cooperative movement on farmers' mentality and family planning in Chaoshan area. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of Chaoshan overseas Chinese Township, this paper briefly expounds the problems of overseas Chinese affairs at that time, and highlights the regional characteristics of Chaoshan Agricultural Cooperative Movement. The fifth part is the comprehensive and dialectical evaluation of Chaoshan agricultural cooperative movement, and through the reflection of the movement, I hope to provide reference and inspiration for the contemporary agricultural development.
【学位授予单位】：华南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K27;F329
本文编号：2249412
[Abstract]:On the basis of land reform, the Communist Party of China carried out an economic restructuring in rural areas in the 1950s. It not only completed the socialist transformation of agriculture, but also transformed the scattered individual economy into land. The collective economy of concentrated distribution of labor also has a great influence on the politics and grass-roots organizations of rural society. Chaoshan area is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in our country, and it is also a high-yielding area of grain in Guangdong. The agricultural cooperative movement in this area was carried out earlier and typical, which can be regarded as the epitome of Guangdong cooperative movement. In the past, the investigation of the regional agricultural cooperative movement was mostly from the perspective of policy history or social history, and the interaction between the country, rural areas and farmers was not discussed much. In addition to combing the development course of agricultural cooperation in Chaoshan area, this paper also explores the farmers' family income and peasants' mentality, such as withdrawing from the cooperative society, so as to combine the regional research with the macro background, so as to combine the whole with the case analysis. Comprehensive and detailed reproduction of Chaoshan agricultural cooperative movement of the real scene. We should not only pay close attention to the principles and policies carried out by the Party and the government under certain circumstances, but also analyze in depth the concrete practical situation of these policies and their impact on rural society. The main body of this paper is divided into five parts: the first part is mainly to analyze the rural social background of Chaoshan area before the agricultural co-operative movement, that is, including the land right relations after land reform, the peasants' production and living standard and the ideological dynamics. Overseas Chinese related issues, and from these aspects to explain the farmers on the path of mutual help and cooperation. The second part mainly combs the agricultural cooperative movement in Chaoshan area systematically, discusses the development situation of three different stages of mutual aid group, primary cooperative group and senior cooperative group, and shows its development process clearly. The third part mainly analyzes the peasants' behavior of "calling off the co-operatives" in this movement, deeply explores the reasons for the peasants' withdrawal from the co-operatives, and the reflection of the peasants from different strata in this movement, which is more true. Fully reveal the Chaoshan area agricultural cooperative movement. The fourth part mainly analyzes the impact of agricultural cooperative movement on farmers' mentality and family planning in Chaoshan area. At the same time, combined with the characteristics of Chaoshan overseas Chinese Township, this paper briefly expounds the problems of overseas Chinese affairs at that time, and highlights the regional characteristics of Chaoshan Agricultural Cooperative Movement. The fifth part is the comprehensive and dialectical evaluation of Chaoshan agricultural cooperative movement, and through the reflection of the movement, I hope to provide reference and inspiration for the contemporary agricultural development.
【学位授予单位】：华南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K27;F329
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