北洋政府外交制度研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 19:20

【摘要】：北洋政府时期(1912——1928)是中国近代史上重要的历史阶段,也是中国近代社会的转型期,社会动荡不安,政府更迭频繁。中国近代外交制度是在西方资本主义的侵略下被迫建立起来的,也是在中西文化不断的冲突、融合中演变出来的。到北洋政府时期,已基本形成了符合国际惯例的中国外交制度,但其并未改变中国的半殖民地性质。一战前,北洋政府奉行“维持外交”路线,客观上讲是北洋政府所面临的国内外局势所迫,但从本质上讲,是北洋政府的政权性质所决定的。一战后,中国作为战胜国,在民族主义高涨的情况下,北洋政府企图抓住有利的国际形势争取独立自主、平等的国际地位,在一定程度上反映了国际平等主义思想。各派军阀为各自利益在帝国主义的支持下进行了激烈的斗争,通过对北洋政府外交权利模式、外交行政和外交人事制度的动态分析构建起北洋政府外交制度的基本框架,并由具体案例对其进行分析验证。北洋政府外交制度总体来说是一种军阀外交体制,在这种体制下,西方民主制显得苍白无力。尽管如此,北洋政府时期外交组织机构的合理化程度在不断提高。外交组织机构和外交人才选拔机制也日益完善。外交行政效率也得到很大程度上的提高。许多学者研究了北洋时期的历史,却很少涉及其外交制度。这篇论文根据国内已刊的一些历史资料,结合典型案例对当时的外交机构和外交政策进行了研究,得出北洋政府外交体制的基本构架。希望能通过对北洋政府外交体制的分析,建立更加客观的外交评价机制,并能进一步的完善中国近现代制度史的理论体系。本文着重用社会学和历史学的研究方法希望能在外交权利模式和外交机构的研究上有所突破,并对北洋政府外交制度的特征进行综合分析,如复杂性、灵活性等。
[Abstract]:The period of Beiyang government (1912-1928) is an important historical stage in the modern history of China, and it is also the transition period of modern Chinese society. China's modern diplomatic system was forced to be established under the invasion of western capitalism and evolved from the constant conflict and fusion of Chinese and Western cultures. By the time of the Beiyang Government, China's diplomatic system had basically formed in accordance with international practice, but it did not change the semi-colonial nature of China. Before World War I, the Beiyang government pursued the line of "maintaining diplomacy", objectively speaking, it was forced by the situation at home and abroad faced by the Beiyang government, but in essence, it was determined by the nature of the regime of the Beiyang government. After World War I, China as a victorious country, under the situation of rising nationalism, the Beiyang government attempted to seize the favorable international situation and strive for an independent and equal international status, which to some extent reflected the international egalitarian ideology. The warlords engaged in fierce struggle for their own interests and supported by imperialism. Through the dynamic analysis of the pattern of diplomatic rights, diplomatic administration and diplomatic personnel system of the Beiyang government, the basic framework of the diplomatic system of the Beiyang government was constructed. And by the concrete case to carry on the analysis to verify. The diplomatic system of Beiyang government is a kind of warlord diplomacy system, under which western democracy appears weak. Nevertheless, the level of rationalization of diplomatic organizations during the period of the Beiyang government is constantly increasing. Diplomatic organizations and institutions and diplomatic talent selection mechanism is also increasingly perfect. The efficiency of diplomatic administration has also been greatly improved. Many scholars studied the history of the Northern Ocean period, but rarely involved in its diplomatic system. According to some historical data published in China, this paper studies the diplomatic institutions and foreign policy of the time in combination with typical cases, and obtains the basic framework of the diplomatic system of the Beiyang government. It is hoped that through the analysis of the diplomatic system of the Beiyang government, a more objective diplomatic evaluation mechanism can be established and the theoretical system of China's modern and modern institutional history can be further improved. This paper focuses on the research methods of sociology and history, hoping to make a breakthrough in the mode of diplomatic right and the research of diplomatic institutions, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the diplomatic system of Beiyang government, such as complexity, flexibility, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中原工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258;D693

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