近代以降国人文化心态的嬗变

发布时间：2018-10-30 19:30

【摘要】：近代以降,国人的文化心态经历了重大的起伏和嬗变。在近代之前,大致延续了过去数千年形成的文化自信甚至与"天朝上国"相联系的某种程度的文化自傲心态;自鸦片战争开启中国近代史之后的约半个世纪里,洋务运动的兴起表明了传统文化无法回应现实挑战的危机,国人的主流文化心态退却到"中学为体,西学为用",但甲午战争的失败宣告了洋务运动的破产,"体""用"割裂在进一步的国家衰亡危机面前终至无法延续;甲午战争失败之后,国人又尝试了制度改良和制度革命,但国家之内忧外患没有解决,再加上西方思想文化的传播,形成了激进的新文化运动,知识精英群体对于中国文化呈自卑、自弃心态;今天的中国已经走上了重建中国文化自信之路。国家力量的兴衰及其在国际体系中的地位,是文化心态嬗变的最主要动因。
[Abstract]:In modern times, people's cultural mentality has experienced great ups and downs and changes. Before modern times, the cultural self-confidence formed in the past several thousand years and even some degree of cultural pride related to the "upper kingdom of the Chinese dynasty" were roughly continued. In the half century since the Opium War opened the modern history of China, the rise of the Westernization Movement has shown that the traditional culture is unable to respond to the crisis of realistic challenges. The mainstream cultural mentality of the Chinese people has retreated to "middle school as the body and western learning as the use." However, the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War declared the bankruptcy of the Westernization Movement. After the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, the Chinese tried to improve the system and the revolution of the system, but the internal and external troubles of the country were not solved, and the spread of western ideology and culture formed a radical new cultural movement. The intellectual elite group is inferiority complex for Chinese culture, abandon the mentality; Today China has embarked on the road of rebuilding Chinese cultural confidence. The rise and fall of national power and its position in the international system are the main reasons for the change of cultural mentality.
【作者单位】：北京外国语大学国际关系学院;
【分类号】：K25

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