试析20世纪20年代延边地区的国际贸易

发布时间：2018-10-31 19:10

【摘要】：延边地区的国际贸易经历了20世纪10年代中俄贸易向以日本为贸易主体的中朝贸易的转变,贸易中心逐渐移向了延边地区的龙井村。20年代延边地区的国际贸易使龙井村的贸易中心地位更加稳固。在贸易系统方面,珲春与海参崴的中俄贸易虽然没有完全断绝,但是,往日的繁荣景象一去不返,终至20年代末延边地区的国际贸易都是以珲春—雄其系和龙井村—清津系为主,珲春—海参崴系为辅的中、朝、俄小型国际贸易圈。 20世纪20年代延边地区的国际贸易在整体上一直处于增长趋势。日本利用当时帝国主义强国的优势地位屡次要求中国方面减税,致使整个20年代延边地区的国际贸易都是在世界上几乎最低关税不足“值百抽五”的税率下进行的,其关税之低对内不能充实国库,对外不能保护民族工业资本。20世纪20年代延边地区的国际贸易在其地位上一直处于入超地位,通过农业产品汇集的资本又在与资本主义工业品进行交换的过程中外流出去,形成了资本流失的现象。这是资本主义的日、俄两国利用中国的低关税优势向中国倾销工业消费品、进口延边地区的原材料而形成的,技术含量较低的农产品及初级农产加工品在与资本主义的工业消费品在竞争中一直处于劣势。此外,当时延边地区移民的增加,使得延边地区的农业资源获得了进一步的开发,特别是土地资源的利用,使延边地区的农作物产量及农产商品化大幅度提高,为当时延边地区的国际贸易提供了物质基础。日、俄两国向延边输出的大部分产品是工业消费品,除了少量的军需用品外,生产资料极其有限,这也说明资本主义的日、俄与延边地区的贸易,只是为了倾销本国的产品,而并不是真正意义上的互通有无。日、俄用出售本国工业消费品得到的资本,再利用低关税来进口延边地区的农产品,使得延边地区的农产品被强行编入资本主义市场当中,导致了延边地区在贸易过程中对农产品的价格不能自主,而只能被世界资本主义市场价格摆布,不能根据自己的意愿来更新要出口的商品结构。
[Abstract]:The international trade in Yanbian area experienced the transformation from Sino-Russian trade to Sino-Korean trade with Japan as the main body of trade in the 1910s. The trade center gradually moved to Longjing Village in Yanbian area. The international trade in Yanbian area in the 1920s made Longjing Village a more stable trade center. In terms of the trading system, although Sino-Russian trade between Hunchun and Vladivostok has not been completely cut off, the prosperity of the past has never returned. From the end of 1920s to the late 1920s, the international trade in Yanbian area was dominated by Hunchun-Xiongqi system and Longjing-Qingjin system, supplemented by Hunchun-Vladivostok system. In the 20 th century, the international trade of Yanbian area has been in the trend of growth as a whole. Taking advantage of the superiority of the imperialist powers at that time, Japan repeatedly called on China to cut taxes. As a result, international trade in the Yanbian region throughout the 1920s was carried out under a tax rate of almost the lowest tariff in the world, "one hundred taxes are worth five." The low tariffs cannot enrich the national treasury and protect the national industrial capital. In the 1920s, the international trade in Yanbian region was always in a position of being in the superlative position. The capital collected through agricultural products flows out in the process of exchanging with capitalist industrial products, forming the phenomenon of capital loss. This was the day of capitalism. Russia and Russia took advantage of China's low tariff advantage to dump industrial consumer goods on China and import raw materials from Yanbian region. Low-tech agricultural products and primary agricultural products have been at a disadvantage in competition with capitalist industrial consumer goods. In addition, the increase in immigration in Yanbian at that time led to the further development of agricultural resources in Yanbian, especially the utilization of land resources, which greatly increased the production of crops and the commercialization of agricultural products in Yanbian. It provided the material basis for the international trade in Yanbian area at that time. In Japan, most of the products that Russia and Russia exported to Yanbian were industrial consumer goods. In addition to a small amount of quartermaster supplies, the means of production were extremely limited. This also shows that the trade between Russia and Yanbian in capitalist days is only for dumping its own products. It is not the exchange of goods in the true sense. In Japan, Russia used the capital obtained from the sale of its own industrial consumer goods, and then used low tariffs to import agricultural products from Yanbian region. As a result, the agricultural products of Yanbian region were forcibly incorporated into the capitalist market. As a result, the price of agricultural products in Yanbian area can not be independent in the course of trade, but can only be manipulated by the price of the world capitalist market, and the commodity structure to be exported can not be renewed according to its own will.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K25;F752.9

【参考文献】