抗战大后方的民众教育馆——以四川省和重庆市为中心的研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 20:54

【摘要】：抗战爆发后,国民政府为了增强抗战力量、强化社会控制,赋予民众教育馆"训练民众、动员民众之重大使命"。抗战大后方四川省和重庆市的民众教育馆,在蒋介石推动国民精神总动员及新生活运动的背景下,致力于民族精神、传统道德的教育;协助政府检查民众读物、剧本、宣讲资料;利用集会仪式等渠道对民众实施国民精神动员及日常生活改造,为战时民众动员与训练做出了一定的贡献。但是由于工作范围过于宽泛,人员缺乏专业训练,经费不足,以及部分职员工作敷衍懈怠,尤其还须面对国家权力与地方社会之间的复杂关系,而使民众教育馆工作力不从心。不过它毕竟是政府体制内的社会教育中心机构,较之体制外的民众教育力量,具有被政府强力推广的优势,因此在社会精英和政府官员心目中依然"比较卓异"。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the National Government, in order to strengthen the strength and social control of the War of Resistance, entrusted the Education Museum of the people with "training the people and mobilizing the people". In the context of Jiang Jieshi's promotion of the general mobilization of the national spirit and the new life movement, the mass education centers of Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality devoted themselves to the education of national spirit and traditional morality. Assist the government to check people's books, scripts, preaching materials, and make some contributions to the mobilization and training of the people in wartime by means of gathering ceremony and other channels to carry out the national spiritual mobilization and daily life reform. However, because the scope of work is too broad, the staff lack professional training, lack of funds, and some staff work perfunctory, especially facing the complex relationship between state power and local society, which makes the work of popular education museum unfit. However, it is the central institution of social education in the government system, and has the advantage of being strongly popularized by the government compared with the mass education force outside the system, so it is still quite different in the eyes of the social elite and government officials.
【作者单位】：扬州大学社会发展学院历史系;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“民众教育馆与国家意识的塑造研究”(13BZS098)的成果之一
【分类号】：K265

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