晚清灯塔建设与管理

发布时间：2018-12-14 09:52

【摘要】：本文以赫德任中国海关总税务司时期(1863-1911)近50年的大历史为背景,论述晚清灯塔建设及其相关问题。这一历史时期正处在封建制度的末期,清王朝一步步走向衰亡并作垂死挣扎,而西方正处在资本主义发展上升期。近代中国灯塔正是这两种制度冲突的产物,它们由外国人把持的海关全权负责,充分吸收了资本主义世界先进的技术,却建在中国的领土上。文章主要以这一时期海关如何建设和管理的助航设施、建设的概况及在其中所蕴藏的矛盾冲突为主要内容,探索这些助航设施所取到的实际效果及其对近代社会所产生的影响。全文主要分为六部分。第一部分：绪论,主要阐述论文研究缘起、选题意义、研究方法,并对文中运用到的主要理论和核心概念进行梳理；第二部分：第一章,主要从两个方面进行阐述,一是中国早期的引航设施,从以自然为标识到人工标识这一历史过程及管理；二是近代中国民众自建灯塔的概况；第三部分：第二章,主要介绍灯塔建设机构船钞部的建立及衍变；灯塔的建设经费船钞的管理；灯塔管理的人事制度及事务制度；第四部分：第三章,主要阐述灯塔建设的全面开展的情况,以及沿海灯塔沿革大概部署；另外是解析灯塔建设中矛盾纠纷及协调；第五部分：第四章,主要是阐述了灯塔的建设所带来的影响,灯塔不仅是航标,还是近代贸易、城市发展的标志,更是开放利用海洋的象征；第六部分：结语,从技术层次剖析中国的近代化,近代灯塔建设是晚清社会近代化不可缺少的部分。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the lighthouse construction and its related problems in the late Qing Dynasty against the background of the nearly 50 years' history of Hurd as the General Department of Customs and Taxation of China (1863-1911). At the end of the feudal system, the Qing Dynasty was dying step by step, while the West was in the period of capitalist development. The lighthouse of modern China is the product of the conflict of these two systems. They are wholly responsible for the customs under the control of foreigners and fully absorb the advanced technology of the capitalist world, but they are built on the territory of China. In this paper, the main contents of this period are how to build and manage the navigation aid facilities, the general situation of the construction and the contradictions and conflicts contained therein, to explore the actual effects of these facilities and their influence on the modern society. The full text is divided into six parts. The first part: introduction, mainly expatiating the origin of the thesis research, the significance of the topic, the research method, and combing the main theories and core concepts used in the paper; The second part: the first chapter, mainly from two aspects, one is the early pilotage facilities in China, from the natural marking to the artificial marking of the historical process and management, the second is the general situation of modern Chinese people building lighthouse; The second chapter mainly introduces the establishment and evolution of the phare building organization, the management of the lighthouse construction funds, the personnel system and affairs system of lighthouse management. The fourth part: the third chapter, mainly expounds the overall development of lighthouse construction, as well as the coastal lighthouse evolution of the general arrangement, in addition to the analysis of contradictions and disputes in the lighthouse construction and coordination; The fifth part: the fourth chapter, mainly elaborated the lighthouse construction brings the influence, the lighthouse is not only the navigation mark, but also the symbol of the modern trade, the city development, but also the symbol of the open use of the sea; The sixth part: conclusion, from the technical level analysis of China's modernization, modern lighthouse construction is an indispensable part of the social modernization of the late Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K252

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