确立新制度：晚清新式邮政再研究

发布时间：2018-12-20 09:37

【摘要】：邮政作为现代国家通讯系统的重要组成部分,在人们的日常生活中发挥了重要的作用。近代中国的新式邮政起源于西人掌控的海关组织内部。虽然晚清社会在改革的浪潮中,不断充斥着新旧体制的嬗变,但新制度确立的道路似乎总不那么平坦。晚清邮政制度的确立不仅是新式海关努力引进的结果,同时也要看到清政府积极参与的身影。新式海关最初把邮政作为其一个下属机构来监管,给予其资金、人员上的支持。截止到1911年关邮分离,海关凭借自身强大的实力帮助晚清邮政构建了完善的邮政网络和组织制度,战胜了驿站、客邮、民信局等劲敌。晚清政府及一些开明人士通过开办文报局、改驿归邮等尝试,企图建立受清政府掌控的近代邮政系统,尽管这种尝试都以失败而告终。1896年清政府正式降旨开办邮政,虽然主导权仍在海关手中,但政府在政策、法律、财政上的支持则不断宣示着新式邮政已经是个政府机构。本文旨在从新式邮政与旧式的通信系统网络和社会关系网络间的互动交流方面来论述近代邮政的确立过程,并且在论述的过程中,充分关注新式海关和清政府这两个主导者各自的行动。
[Abstract]:As an important part of modern national communication system, postal service plays an important role in people's daily life. The new postal service of modern China originated from the customs organization controlled by the western people. Although the late Qing Dynasty society was filled with the evolution of the old and new systems in the tide of reform, the road to the establishment of the new system always seemed to be not so smooth. The establishment of the postal system in the late Qing Dynasty was not only the result of the introduction of the new customs, but also the active participation of the Qing government. The new customs initially supervised the postal service as a subsidiary, giving it financial and personnel support. By 1911, customs had helped the post of late Qing Dynasty to build a perfect postal network and organizational system by virtue of its own strong strength, and had defeated the arch-rivals such as post station, passenger post, and people's trust office. The late Qing government and some enlightened people tried to set up a modern postal system under the control of the Qing government by setting up a communication bureau, changing post posts, and so on, although all such attempts ended in failure. In 1896, the Qing government officially downgraded and opened the postal service. While customs still holds the lead, the government's policy, legal and financial support continues to proclaim that the new postal service is already a government agency. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the establishment process of modern postal service from the interactive communication between the new postal service and the old communication system network and social relations network, and in the process of the discussion, Full attention to the new customs and the Qing government, the two leaders of their respective actions.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D691;K252

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