20世纪50-80年代河北省水井建设研究

发布时间：2018-12-20 11:02

【摘要】：新中国成立后,河北省通过水井建设，有效改善了农业生产条件，提高了农作物产量。本文运用大量馆藏档案史料，研究20世纪50-80年代河北省农用水井建设的历史，探讨井灌对区域经济社会发展的影响。除前言和结语外，本文分为四个部分：第一部分，，探讨新中国建立前后河北省的水井情况、打井技术、地下水资源、农田井灌面积以及因井灌落后而导致农业产量低下的历史。第二部分，考察了河北地区20世纪50-80年代打井历程，井灌技术创新、提水工具的现代化，并梳理研究水井建设过程中存在的问题及其对策。第三部分，分析水井建设与盐碱地的治理，探讨井灌与河北省农作物产量增长的内在关系。随着井灌农田面积的扩大，河北粮棉产量跃上了一个新台阶。第四部分，论述了水井建设的成效与得失。主要探讨了群众运动对水井建设的冲击，地下水资源过量开采引发的区域性环境问题，水井建设与河北经济民生，新时代下的打井观。本文认为，对20世纪50-80年代河北省水井建设的研究，必须从自然和人文科学出发，进行交叉综合探讨。既看到群众运动式的打井模式下的合理性和科学性，以及它对河北省农业以致民生起到的巨大作用；同时看到这种打井模式对生态的破坏也是巨大的，特别是对民众的心态以及地下水问题。采用行政手段，依靠群众性打井运动，盲目开采地下水资源，势必诱发和加剧区域性干化和形成地下水漏斗现象，导致水资源匮乏，生态失衡。打井、井灌不能只片面追求农业产量的提高，而要考虑到区域的生态环境的可持续发展。在水井建设的经验教训中树立新时代的打井观。
[Abstract]:After the founding of New China, Hebei Province effectively improved the agricultural production conditions and crop yield through the construction of wells. This paper studies the history of agricultural well construction in Hebei Province in the 50-80 's of the 20th century by using a large number of archival historical materials and probes into the influence of well irrigation on the development of regional economy and society. In addition to the preface and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the situation of wells, drilling techniques, groundwater resources in Hebei Province before and after the founding of New China. The area of well irrigation in farmland and the history of low agricultural output due to the backwardness of well irrigation. In the second part, the well drilling process, well irrigation technology innovation and the modernization of water lifting tools in Hebei region in the 50-80 's were investigated, and the existing problems and countermeasures in the process of well construction were combed out. In the third part, the relationship between well irrigation and crop yield growth in Hebei Province is discussed. With the expansion of well-irrigated farmland, Hebei grain and cotton production jumped to a new level. The fourth part, discussed the effect and gain and loss of well construction. This paper mainly discusses the impact of mass movement on the construction of wells, the regional environmental problems caused by excessive exploitation of groundwater resources, the well construction and the people's livelihood in Hebei Province, and the concept of drilling wells in the new era. This paper holds that the study of well construction in Hebei Province in the 50-80 's of the 20th century must proceed from the natural and human sciences and carry out a comprehensive cross-discussion. It not only shows the rationality and science of the well drilling mode of mass movement, but also plays a great role in agriculture and people's livelihood in Hebei Province. At the same time, the ecological damage caused by this well drilling model is also great, especially the mentality of the people and the groundwater problem. The phenomenon of regional drying and groundwater funnel will be induced and aggravated by using administrative means and relying on the mass well drilling movement to blindly exploit groundwater resources, which will lead to water scarcity and ecological imbalance. Well drilling, well irrigation should not only pursue the improvement of agricultural production, but also take into account the sustainable development of regional ecological environment. Set up the view of drilling well in the new era in the experience and lesson of well construction.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K27

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