曾国荃江督任内施政状况考察

发布时间：2019-01-04 19:13

【摘要】：曾国荃作为“中兴名臣”之一，，从创立“吉字营”开始，正式作为统将投身镇压太平天国的战争，历经数年，为清政府立下了赫赫战功。后担任山西巡抚期间，正值“丁戊奇荒”，他尽全力进行赈灾活动，取得了一定效果。这都属于他比较凸显的军政业绩，研究较多。而他在中法战争期间担任两江总督，在其为官生涯中也属较为凸显的阶段，但以往研究较少。鉴此，本文主要考察其该阶段的施政状况。绪论部分简要交代选题意义、研究思路、综述和分析相关学术史的情况。第一章主要论述曾国荃在加强江海防务方面的种种措施。当时，如何加强江海防务，成了江督所面临的首要问题，任者采取了一系列措施，对防务进行了较为周密的布置。第二章主要论述曾国荃与与法方的谈判情况。中法之间发生“北黎冲突”后，曾国荃奉命作为全权大臣在上海与法方代表进行谈判，而最终没有取得成果。文中揭示这次谈判的情节，并分析中方失败的原因。第三章重点考察中法战争期间南洋水师的出援困局问题，此局与曾国荃密切关联。他是南洋水师的控制和指挥者，在东南沿海地区防务吃紧的严峻形势下，清政府多次要求曾国荃派舰出援，但曾国荃找种种理由推托、搪塞，拒不执行命令，造成“困局”，文中对此予以探讨分析。第四章扼要对曾国荃在江督任内的洋务实践活动进行了论述。涉及他扩充金陵机器局和火药局，积极学习西方的冶炼技术，筹备设立江南水师学堂和武备学堂，为军工生产及军事人才培养做出贡献，在国防建设方面起到了不可忽视的作用。他还积极对待铁路的兴修，致力铺设电线和开发煤矿。总之，在洋务方面也有事可纪。第五章着重叙述曾国荃在社会管理方面的作为。包括地方治安、治河、赈灾三个方面。其相关筹策和举措，并无明显特色，只能说他做了职内应该做的一些事情而已。
[Abstract]:Zeng Guoquan, as one of the "famous officials of Zhongxing", began with the founding of the "auspicious camp", and formally devoted himself to the war of suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom as a whole. After several years, Zeng Guoquan made great achievements in war for the Qing government. After serving as governor of Shanxi, when "Dingwu Qi famine", he did his best to carry out relief activities, and achieved certain results. This belongs to his more prominent military and political achievements, more research. During the Sino-French War, he served as Governor of the two Rivers, which was also a prominent stage in his official career, but the previous studies were less. In view of this, this article mainly inspects its this stage administration condition. The introduction briefly explains the significance of the topic, the research ideas, and summarizes and analyzes the relevant academic history. The first chapter mainly discusses Zeng Guoquan's various measures in strengthening Jiang Hai's defense. At that time, how to strengthen the Jianghai defense, became the first problem facing Jiang, the incumbent took a series of measures, and made a more careful arrangement of defense. The second chapter mainly discusses the negotiation between Zeng Guoquan and France. After the "North Lebanon conflict" between China and France, Zeng Guoquan was instructed as Minister of Plenipotentiary to hold talks with French representatives in Shanghai, but in the end there was no result. The article reveals the circumstances of the negotiation and analyzes the reasons for the failure of the Chinese side. The third chapter focuses on the difficulties of Nanyang Water Division during the Sino-French War, which is closely related to Zeng Guoquan. He was the control and commander of the Nanyang Water Division. Under the severe situation of tight defense in the southeast coastal areas, the Qing government repeatedly asked Zeng Guoquan to send ships out for assistance. However, Zeng Guoquan sought all sorts of reasons to defer, prevaricate, and refuse to carry out the order, resulting in a "difficult situation." It is discussed and analyzed in this paper. The fourth chapter briefly discusses Zeng Guoquan's Westernization practice during his term of office. Involving his expansion of the Jinling Machinery Bureau and the gunpowder Bureau, he actively studied Western smelting technology, and prepared to set up the Jiangnan Water Division School and the Wubei School, so as to contribute to the production of military industry and the training of military personnel. It has played an important role in national defense construction. He was also active in building railways, laying electric wires and developing coal mines. In short, there is something to be done about Westernization. Chapter five focuses on Zeng Guoquan's social management. Including local security, river governance, disaster relief three aspects. There is no obvious feature of his strategies and actions, only that he has done something that should be done in his post.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K252;D691

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