抗战胜利后苏联延缓撤兵问题的国民政府因素研究
发布时间：2019-04-10 19:56
【摘要】：根据《雅尔塔协定》,1945年8月9日苏联出兵东北对日作战。1945年8月15日,日本宣布无条件投降。苏联延缓东北撤兵,是指根据1945年8月14日《中苏友好同盟条约》之规定,苏联将于日本投降后三个星期内开始撤退,三个月内撤回苏联境内,而到了撤兵期限时,苏军曾两度延缓撤兵,(国民政府提出的第三次延缓撤兵请求未能实现),直到1946年5月3日,苏军才全部撤出东北。那么,出现这种情况,原因是多方面的,有苏联自身的原因,有中国境内(包括国民党和共产党)的原因,也有美国为主的国际其他势力的原因。多种原因之间,是相互联系、相互影响的。而国民政府作为当时中国的合法政府,也是缔结《中苏友好同盟条约》的中国一方,曾三次提出延缓撤兵请求,究竟是处于何种考虑呢? 本文主要从国民政府方面入手,兼顾其他“三方”,通过研究整个延缓撤兵的过程,分析苏联延缓撤兵的国民政府方面的主要因素。全文共分为四章,第一章主要介绍苏联出兵的背景及原因,无论是《雅尔塔协定》和美国求援为苏联出兵提供了理由,还是《中苏友好同盟条约》使苏联出兵有了依据,但最终自身利益需要才是苏联出兵的根本原因。第二章主要介绍国民政府三次请求苏联延缓撤兵的情况。第一次是由于国民政府兵力不及为接收东北争取时间。第二次为经济合作苏联迫使国民政府请求延缓撤兵。第三次国民政府与苏联矛盾激化导致其提出第三次延缓撤兵的要求被拒绝,最终苏军自行撤兵使得国民政府接收困难。第三章主要从国民政府方面分析苏联延缓撤兵的主要原因。我认为主要是亲美政策,表现在,其请求美国帮助运兵东北,之后又以美国压苏联迫其撤兵。最后总体分析国民政府的亲美反共政策导致的结果。第四章主要讲因为国民政府实施亲美政策,才有国统区1946年春反苏大游行。这使得苏联丧失了对国民政府的信任,便迅速撤离东北,拉起了国共内战的序幕。 本文利用回忆录、文献、报刊资料等原始资料,参考所能收集到的国内外研究成果,从多角度、多方面利用政治学和历史学的理论方法,在对苏联出兵的背景及国民政府三次提出延缓撤兵的过程进行的历史考察的基础上,对苏联延缓撤兵的国民政府方面的因素进行深刻的分析。
[Abstract]:According to the Yalta Agreement, the Soviet Union sent troops to fight against Japan on August 9, 1945. On August 15, 1945, Japan declared unconditional surrender. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Friendship between China and the Soviet Union of 14 August 1945, the Soviet Union will begin to withdraw within three weeks of Japan's surrender, and within three months, the Soviet Union will withdraw its troops from the Soviet Union, and when the time limit for the withdrawal of troops is reached, The Soviet army delayed the withdrawal twice (the national government's third request for a postponement was not fulfilled), and it was not until May 3, 1946 that all the troops were withdrawn from the north-east. Well, there are many reasons for this situation. There are reasons for the Soviet Union itself, for reasons within China (including the Kuomintang and the Communist Party), and for other international forces dominated by the United States. A variety of reasons are interrelated and interacted with each other. And as the legitimate government of China at that time, and also the Chinese side that concluded the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union, what kind of consideration did the Nationalist Government put forward three times to postpone the withdrawal of troops? This article mainly from the national government aspect, taking into account the other "three parties", through the study of the whole process of delaying the withdrawal of troops, analysis of the Soviet Union delayed withdrawal of the main factors of the national government. The full text is divided into four chapters, the first chapter mainly introduces the background and reasons for the Soviet Union to send troops, whether it is the Yalta Agreement and the United States seeking assistance to provide reasons for the Soviet Union to send troops, or the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance has given the Soviet Union a basis for sending troops. But the ultimate need for self-interest was the root cause of the Soviet Union's military presence. The second chapter mainly introduces the situation that the national government asked the Soviet Union to delay the withdrawal of troops three times. The first was because the national government was not strong enough to buy time to take over the north-east. For the second time, the Soviet Union forced the national government to request a postponement of the withdrawal of troops. The contradiction between the third national government and the Soviet Union was intensified, which led to the rejection of its request to delay the withdrawal of troops for the third time. Finally, the withdrawal of the Soviet army itself made it difficult for the national government to accept. The third chapter mainly analyzes the main reasons why the Soviet Union delayed the withdrawal of troops from the national government. I think it is mainly a pro-American policy, as shown by its request to the United States to help the North East, and then the U. S. pressure on the Soviet Union to withdraw its troops. Finally, the overall analysis of the national government's pro-American anti-Communist policy results. The fourth chapter is mainly about the anti-Soviet march in the spring of 1946 because of the pro-American policy implemented by the national government. This caused the Soviet Union to lose trust in the national government and quickly withdrew from the north-east, opening the prelude to the KMT-CCP civil war. This paper makes use of the original materials such as memoirs, literature, newspapers and periodicals, referring to the research results collected at home and abroad, and making use of the theoretical methods of politics and history from many angles and aspects. On the basis of the historical investigation on the background of Soviet Union sending troops and the three times put forward by the national government to delay the withdrawal of troops, this paper makes a deep analysis of the factors of the national government which is delaying the withdrawal of troops in the Soviet Union.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K266
本文编号：2456081
[Abstract]:According to the Yalta Agreement, the Soviet Union sent troops to fight against Japan on August 9, 1945. On August 15, 1945, Japan declared unconditional surrender. According to the provisions of the Treaty of Friendship between China and the Soviet Union of 14 August 1945, the Soviet Union will begin to withdraw within three weeks of Japan's surrender, and within three months, the Soviet Union will withdraw its troops from the Soviet Union, and when the time limit for the withdrawal of troops is reached, The Soviet army delayed the withdrawal twice (the national government's third request for a postponement was not fulfilled), and it was not until May 3, 1946 that all the troops were withdrawn from the north-east. Well, there are many reasons for this situation. There are reasons for the Soviet Union itself, for reasons within China (including the Kuomintang and the Communist Party), and for other international forces dominated by the United States. A variety of reasons are interrelated and interacted with each other. And as the legitimate government of China at that time, and also the Chinese side that concluded the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between China and the Soviet Union, what kind of consideration did the Nationalist Government put forward three times to postpone the withdrawal of troops? This article mainly from the national government aspect, taking into account the other "three parties", through the study of the whole process of delaying the withdrawal of troops, analysis of the Soviet Union delayed withdrawal of the main factors of the national government. The full text is divided into four chapters, the first chapter mainly introduces the background and reasons for the Soviet Union to send troops, whether it is the Yalta Agreement and the United States seeking assistance to provide reasons for the Soviet Union to send troops, or the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance has given the Soviet Union a basis for sending troops. But the ultimate need for self-interest was the root cause of the Soviet Union's military presence. The second chapter mainly introduces the situation that the national government asked the Soviet Union to delay the withdrawal of troops three times. The first was because the national government was not strong enough to buy time to take over the north-east. For the second time, the Soviet Union forced the national government to request a postponement of the withdrawal of troops. The contradiction between the third national government and the Soviet Union was intensified, which led to the rejection of its request to delay the withdrawal of troops for the third time. Finally, the withdrawal of the Soviet army itself made it difficult for the national government to accept. The third chapter mainly analyzes the main reasons why the Soviet Union delayed the withdrawal of troops from the national government. I think it is mainly a pro-American policy, as shown by its request to the United States to help the North East, and then the U. S. pressure on the Soviet Union to withdraw its troops. Finally, the overall analysis of the national government's pro-American anti-Communist policy results. The fourth chapter is mainly about the anti-Soviet march in the spring of 1946 because of the pro-American policy implemented by the national government. This caused the Soviet Union to lose trust in the national government and quickly withdrew from the north-east, opening the prelude to the KMT-CCP civil war. This paper makes use of the original materials such as memoirs, literature, newspapers and periodicals, referring to the research results collected at home and abroad, and making use of the theoretical methods of politics and history from many angles and aspects. On the basis of the historical investigation on the background of Soviet Union sending troops and the three times put forward by the national government to delay the withdrawal of troops, this paper makes a deep analysis of the factors of the national government which is delaying the withdrawal of troops in the Soviet Union.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K266
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
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