抗战时期陕西棉花统制研究
发布时间：2019-06-16 16:36
【摘要】：抗战时期,棉花作为军民衣被的主要原料,其生产和供求情况对于能否坚持持久抗战,进而取得抗战胜利至关重要。陕西棉产丰富,是抗战时期后方重要的棉产区,对陕西的棉花实行统制政策,势在必行。棉花是陕西的重要农产品之一,也是陕西农民的重要收入来源之一,因此棉花统制问题,不仅关系到抗战的成败,也关系到陕西的棉花生产以及棉农生活状况。所以,从某种意义上来说,棉花统制不只是个经济问题,也是个政治问题、社会问题。 就目前的研究现状来看,大多是从棉花品种的引进或者棉田征棉等作单方面的阐述,学术界还没有对棉花统制进行一个全面系统的研究。这既为本文提供了宝贵的借鉴,也提供了研究的空间。因此,本文利用陕西省档案馆所藏的关于陕西省农会、陕西省农业改进所等相关档案资料对棉花统制进行了一个系统的分析,从整体上探讨了其在抗战期间的实行情况及其所带来的影响。本文试图从一个新的视野和角度来认识抗战时期国民政府的经济政策以及陕西的农业、农民状况。 论文由绪论、正文、结语三大部分组成。 绪论部分概述了本文的研究意义、研究现状、研究方法,并对本文相关的重要概念作出了界定。 正文部分由五章组成：第一章介绍了陕西棉花统制确立的背景和经过,目的在于说明陕西的棉花统制政策是随着国民政府统制经济政策的确立和强化而最终确立的。第二章介绍了陕西提高棉花生产的举措及成效,并对其作出相应的评价。第三章介绍了棉花统购的方式、价格与数量,并从棉花市场、棉农生活、抗日战争等三个方面对棉花统购进行评价。第四章介绍了棉田征棉这一政策的确立背景及实行情况,分析了征收标准是否合理,最后从整体上对棉田征棉进行评价。第五章介绍了棉花贷款实行的背景、机构及情形,从棉花生产、棉农生活及其所处的历史地位对棉花贷款进行评价。 结语部分对陕西棉花统制进行了总体评价,指出棉花统制政策既具有军事性,又具有建设性。尽管它存在一些局限,但从为战争提供物资的角度来衡量,它是必要的,基本上也是成功的。最后,通过对棉花统制的系统研究,希望本文对于解决当今社会的农民增收、农业发展、机构改革等问题有所启发。
[Abstract]:During the War of Resistance against Japan, cotton, as the main raw material of military and civilian clothing, its production and supply and demand are very important to whether it can persist in the War of Resistance against Japan for a long time and then win the War of Resistance against Japan. Shaanxi is rich in cotton production, which is an important cotton production area behind the War of Resistance against Japan. It is imperative to carry out the policy of controlling cotton in Shaanxi. Cotton is one of the important agricultural products in Shaanxi, and it is also one of the important sources of income for Shaanxi farmers. Therefore, the problem of cotton control is not only related to the success or failure of the War of Resistance against Japan, but also related to the cotton production and the living conditions of cotton farmers in Shaanxi. Therefore, in a sense, cotton control is not only an economic problem, but also a political problem, a social problem. As far as the current research situation is concerned, most of them are unilaterally expounded from the introduction of cotton varieties or cotton field requisition, but the academic community has not yet carried out a comprehensive and systematic study on cotton control. This not only provides a valuable reference for this paper, but also provides a space for research. Therefore, this paper makes a systematic analysis of cotton control system by using the relevant archival data of Shaanxi Provincial Agricultural Association and Shaanxi Agricultural improvement Institute, and discusses its implementation during the War of Resistance against Japan as a whole and its influence. This paper attempts to understand the economic policy of the national government during the War of Resistance against Japan and the situation of agriculture and farmers in Shaanxi from a new perspective and angle. The paper consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction part summarizes the significance, research status and research methods of this paper, and defines the important concepts related to this paper. The main body is composed of five chapters: the first chapter introduces the background and process of the establishment of Shaanxi cotton control system, the purpose of which is to show that Shaanxi cotton control policy is finally established with the establishment and strengthening of the national government control economic policy. The second chapter introduces the measures and effects of improving cotton production in Shaanxi, and makes the corresponding evaluation. The third chapter introduces the way, price and quantity of cotton purchase, and evaluates cotton purchase from three aspects: cotton market, cotton farmers' life and the War of Resistance against Japan. The fourth chapter introduces the establishment background and implementation of the policy of cotton expropriation in cotton fields, analyzes whether the expropriation standard is reasonable or not, and finally evaluates the cotton expropriation in cotton fields as a whole. The fifth chapter introduces the background, institutions and situation of cotton loan, and evaluates the cotton loan from the aspects of cotton production, cotton farmers' life and their historical position. The conclusion part makes an overall evaluation of the cotton control system in Shaanxi Province, and points out that the cotton control policy is both military and constructive. Although it has some limitations, it is necessary and basically successful in terms of providing materials for war. Finally, through the systematic study of cotton control system, I hope this paper will enlighten the problems of increasing farmers' income, agricultural development, institutional reform and so on.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265
本文编号：2500671
[Abstract]:During the War of Resistance against Japan, cotton, as the main raw material of military and civilian clothing, its production and supply and demand are very important to whether it can persist in the War of Resistance against Japan for a long time and then win the War of Resistance against Japan. Shaanxi is rich in cotton production, which is an important cotton production area behind the War of Resistance against Japan. It is imperative to carry out the policy of controlling cotton in Shaanxi. Cotton is one of the important agricultural products in Shaanxi, and it is also one of the important sources of income for Shaanxi farmers. Therefore, the problem of cotton control is not only related to the success or failure of the War of Resistance against Japan, but also related to the cotton production and the living conditions of cotton farmers in Shaanxi. Therefore, in a sense, cotton control is not only an economic problem, but also a political problem, a social problem. As far as the current research situation is concerned, most of them are unilaterally expounded from the introduction of cotton varieties or cotton field requisition, but the academic community has not yet carried out a comprehensive and systematic study on cotton control. This not only provides a valuable reference for this paper, but also provides a space for research. Therefore, this paper makes a systematic analysis of cotton control system by using the relevant archival data of Shaanxi Provincial Agricultural Association and Shaanxi Agricultural improvement Institute, and discusses its implementation during the War of Resistance against Japan as a whole and its influence. This paper attempts to understand the economic policy of the national government during the War of Resistance against Japan and the situation of agriculture and farmers in Shaanxi from a new perspective and angle. The paper consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction part summarizes the significance, research status and research methods of this paper, and defines the important concepts related to this paper. The main body is composed of five chapters: the first chapter introduces the background and process of the establishment of Shaanxi cotton control system, the purpose of which is to show that Shaanxi cotton control policy is finally established with the establishment and strengthening of the national government control economic policy. The second chapter introduces the measures and effects of improving cotton production in Shaanxi, and makes the corresponding evaluation. The third chapter introduces the way, price and quantity of cotton purchase, and evaluates cotton purchase from three aspects: cotton market, cotton farmers' life and the War of Resistance against Japan. The fourth chapter introduces the establishment background and implementation of the policy of cotton expropriation in cotton fields, analyzes whether the expropriation standard is reasonable or not, and finally evaluates the cotton expropriation in cotton fields as a whole. The fifth chapter introduces the background, institutions and situation of cotton loan, and evaluates the cotton loan from the aspects of cotton production, cotton farmers' life and their historical position. The conclusion part makes an overall evaluation of the cotton control system in Shaanxi Province, and points out that the cotton control policy is both military and constructive. Although it has some limitations, it is necessary and basically successful in terms of providing materials for war. Finally, through the systematic study of cotton control system, I hope this paper will enlighten the problems of increasing farmers' income, agricultural development, institutional reform and so on.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 曾玉珊;冯泽芳与中国现代棉业改进研究[D];南京农业大学;2012年
，本文编号：2500671
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