挽救危机的失败:“二十一条”交涉后的袁世凯政府

发布时间：2019-07-05 13:19

【摘要】："二十一条"交涉后,朝野上下为应对外交危机,在内政方面兴起了一场挽救统治危局的运动。不仅各级官吏、名流、士绅纷纷进言献策,袁世凯也一度表现出对修明内政的附和。尽管北洋政府就教育、实业、军事、自治、民生、减政、吏治、立法等方面尝试了短暂性的改制举措,然而,内政整顿不仅未达如期目标,反而激化了政府的信任危机。尤其值得注意的是,袁世凯最终转向帝制道路,不仅导致这场挽救危局的努力迅速湮没在洪宪帝制浪潮中,而且使得民初政局发生了深刻的逆转。此外,这场由政界同人主导的、以整饬内治为诉求的努力,与思想界同步发起的"新文化运动",共同构成了同时期改造中国政治与社会的思潮。
[Abstract]:After the negotiation of Article 21, in order to deal with the foreign crisis, the government and opposition rose a campaign to save the ruling crisis in the internal affairs. Not only the officials, celebrities and gentry at all levels offered suggestions, but Yuan Shikai also showed his echo of the internal affairs of the Ming Dynasty. Although the Beiyang government has tried temporary restructuring measures in the areas of education, industry, military, autonomy, people's livelihood, government reduction, official administration, and legislation, however, the rectification of the internal affairs has not only failed to meet the scheduled goal, but has intensified the crisis of trust of the government. It is particularly worth noting that Yuan Shikai finally turned to the imperial road, which not only led to the rapid annihilation of this effort to save the dangerous situation in the tide of Hongxian monarchy, but also made the political situation in the early Republic of China undergone a profound reversal. In addition, this "new cultural movement", led by political colleagues and demanding to rectify internal governance, and the ideological circles launched at the same time, together constitute the trend of thought of reforming Chinese politics and society in the same period.
【作者单位】：北京大学历史学系;
【分类号】：K258

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