民国时期湖南手工业研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 15:28

本文选题：手工业 + 湖南　；参考：《武汉大学》2010年博士论文

【摘要】：本文从区域经济史的角度,综合运用历史学、地理学、统计学等相关学科研究方法,在系统总结已有研究成果的基础上,系统考察了1912～1945年间湖南手工业的发展与变迁情况,分析了该时期湖南手工业经济变迁所产生的多元效应,并总结了该时期湖南手工业发展的制约因素。第一章主要对清代湖南手工业的发展概况作了简单回顾。在清代,湖南地区的纺织业、矿冶业、制茶业、造纸业、酿酒业、陶瓷业、制烟业等手工行业都有了不同程度的发展,甚至在有些行业中出现了资本主义生产关系的初步形态。清代湖南手工业经济商品化的发展取向,不仅促进了湖南城镇经济的繁荣,也为民国时期湖南手工业的进一步发展与变迁提供了初始条件。第二章主要对该时期湖南手工业的不同发展阶段进行了考察,并对湖南手工业的经营形态做了细致地分析。在这一时期,湖南手工业的发展与变迁可以分为两个不同的阶段,第一个阶段为1912-1937年,第二阶段为1937-1945年。在第一个发展阶段中,随着外部经济环境的变化,湖南手工业也与沿海地区的手工业一样,呈现出不同的发展取向,有些手工行业在外国工业品的冲击下趋于衰落；有些手工行业则因国际市场的需求而走向兴盛；还有一些手工行业因具有民族文化特色,仍然沿着传统的发展道路我行我素。在第二个发展阶段中,随着抗日战争的全面爆发,湖南的许多手工业如土布业、土纱业、土靛业、制糖业等,在战时环境的推动下有了短暂的复兴,这时期湖南手工业的发展表现出明显的时代特征,即政府参与色彩浓厚、注重生产技术改进、合作形式增多、不稳定环境因素增强,这些手工业的发展成为抗战期间大后方经济的一个重要组成部分。湖南手工业在经营形式上也呈现出多样化的特点,既有业主制下的自主经营形式,也存在着包买主制下的依附经营形式。第三章重点分析了民国时期湖南手工业经济发展与变迁所带来的多元效应。在这一时期,湖南手工业的发展与变迁对湖南农村经济产生了积极性影响,如为农民提供了更多的就业渠道,促进了农村市场的发育和专业性市场的成长。该时期湖南手工业经济的发展与变迁还推动了湖南商业的兴盛,活跃了湖南城市经济,拉动了湖南海关出口贸易的增长,并带动了特殊商业的兴起。此外,湖南手工业的发展还对湖南近代工业化道路产生了深远影响,手工业不仅在湖南的工业结构中居于主导地位,而且还表现出向现代工业过渡的发展趋势,这为湖南的近代工业化发展道路开辟了一个新的途径。第四章系统总结了民国时期湖南手工业发展中所存在的制约因素。这些制约因素表现在不同方面,如生产技术的落后、资金的薄弱、行业中欺诈行为所造成的负面影响、频发的战争和自然灾害,以及农村经济的贫困化等等。在这些制约因素的共同作用下,民国时期湖南手工业的发展困难重重,它们在向现代工业的转化过程中也充满了更多的不确定性。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of regional economic history , this paper synthetically applies the research methods of history , geography , statistics and other relevant disciplines . On the basis of summarizing the existing research results , this paper investigates the development and change of Hunan ' s handicraft industry from 1912 to 1945 , and analyzes the multi - effect of the changes of the handicraft industry in Hunan during the period from 1912 to 1945 , and summarizes the restricting factors of the development of the handicraft industry in Hunan during the period .

The first chapter mainly reviews the development of the handicraft industry in the Qing Dynasty . In the Qing Dynasty , the textile industry , the mining and metallurgy industry , the tea industry , the paper industry , the brewing industry , the ceramic industry and the tobacco industry all have different degrees of development .

The second chapter is mainly about the different development stages of Hunan ' s handicraft industry in this period , and analyzes the operation form of Hunan handicraft industry . In this period , the development and change of Hunan ' s handicraft industry can be divided into two different stages , the first stage is 1912 - 1937 , the second stage is 1937 - 1945 . In the first stage of development , with the change of the external economic environment , the handicraft industry in Hunan also has different development orientation , and some hand industries tend to decline under the impact of foreign industrial products ;
Some hand - made industries thrive on the demand of the international market ;
In the second stage of development , in the second stage of development , with the full explosion of the War of Resistance Against Japan , with the full explosion of the War of Resistance Against Japan , the development of the handicraft industry in Hunan is characterized by a brief revival .

In this period , the development and change of Hunan ' s handicraft industry have influenced the rural economy of Hunan .

The fourth chapter summarizes the restricting factors existing in the development of Hunan ' s handicraft industry during the period of the Republic of China . These constraints are manifested in different aspects , such as the backwardness of production technology , the weakness of funds , the negative effects caused by the fraud in the industry , the frequent wars and natural disasters , the poverty of rural economy , etc . Under the common effect of these constraints , the development of the handicraft industry in Hunan during the Republic of China is difficult and heavy , and they are also filled with more uncertainty in the transformation of modern industry .
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K29;F426.8

【参考文献】