宋代乡村居民的职业流动——以笔记小说为视角的考察

发布时间：2018-02-11 14:59

本文关键词： 宋代乡村居民职业流动笔记小说　出处：《社会科学》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：职业流动是社会流动的形式之一,即社会成员在不同职业之间的转换。宋代笔记小说中有大量对下层民众生活的描述,可补正史之不足。在笔记小说记载中,宋代乡村居民的职业流向有:向工商业领域进军、受雇于各领域内的雇工、应募参军、出家为僧道,或是农闲时节兼职小商、小贩,出现身兼数职的现象。土地所有权流转加速、人身依附关系的松弛及商品经济的发展,共同构成促使宋代乡村居民职业流动的前提条件。虽然在宋代,乡村居民通过职业转换摆脱贫困状况只是少数,但与魏晋、隋唐相比,笔记小说中所描述的宋代乡村居民职业流向的多元化趋势,从一个侧面反映出,在历经唐宋变革后,两宋社会的自由和开放性发展倾向。
[Abstract]:Occupation flow is one of the forms of social mobility, social members in different occupation conversion between. There were a large number of common people's life description notes novel, can make up for the inadequacy of official history. In the novels of Song Dynasty to record, occupation of rural residents are to enter the field of industry and commerce, are employed in different areas employees to join the army, as a monk, or part-time small business hawker, slack season, appear a multitasker phenomenon. Accelerate the transfer of land ownership, the development of personal dependence relaxation and the relationship between commodity economy, constitute the prerequisite to the Song Dynasty. Although the occupation flow of rural residents in Song Dynasty, rural residents through occupation conversion get rid of poverty in only a minority, but the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Song Dynasty to the diversification trend of occupation of rural residents described in the note novels, from one side to reflect, after the Tang and Song Dynasties After the reform, the free and open development tendency of the society in the two Song Dynasty.

【作者单位】：浙江大学人文学院;
【分类号】：I207.41;K244

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