19世纪中后期的长崎贸易与徽州海商之衰落——以日本收藏的程稼堂相关文书为中心

发布时间：2018-03-08 21:24

  本文选题：长崎　切入点：中日贸易　出处：《学术月刊》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：由明迄清,徽州海商的主体存在着一个重要的转变,即从明代武装走私的私人贸易转向清朝政府特许经营的海外贸易。及至19世纪60年代,东亚海域世界的国际形势发生了重大的变化。而中国国内太平天国的兵燹战乱,又对中日贸易造成了剧烈冲击,加速了徽州海商之衰落与长崎唐馆的解体。本文聚焦的徽州巨商程稼堂,曾是长崎贸易中举足轻重的海商首领。但在19世纪中后期,他与海商同行、长崎会所、借贷商人之间,不断地发生各类债务纠纷,其本人则为了躲避债主的纠缠而到处东躲西藏,并多次将各类财物作为抵押。这些,显然反映了其人已徘徊于破产的边缘。程稼堂的遭遇,折射出昔日富甲天下的徽州海商之困境。其人的盛衰递嬗,可算是煊赫一时的徽州海商之最后一曲挽歌。
[Abstract]:From the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, there was an important change in the main body of the merchants in Huizhou, that is, from the private trade of armed smuggling in the Ming Dynasty to the overseas trade operated by the Qing government. Until 1860s, Major changes have taken place in the international situation in the world in the East Asian Seas. However, the war of war in China's Taiping Heavenly Kingdom has caused a severe impact on Sino-Japanese trade. It accelerates the decline of Huizhou merchants and the disintegration of Nagasaki Tang Hall. The Huizhou Merchants Cheng Jiatang, who was once the most important leader of Nagasaki trade in this article, was a major leader in Nagasaki trade. However, in the middle and late 19th century, he went with the merchants, Nagasaki clubhouse, and loan merchants. The constant occurrence of various kinds of debt disputes, in order to avoid the entanglement of the creditors and to hide everywhere, and various kinds of property as collateral. This clearly reflects that his people have been on the verge of bankruptcy. It reflects the dilemma of Huizhou maritime merchants, who was the richest in the world in the past. The rise and fall of their people can be regarded as the last elegy of Huizhou maritime merchants.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学历史地理研究中心;
【分类号】：K248;K313.36
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本文编号：1585631