道治主义政治文化及实践

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:53

本文选题：道治主义政治文化　切入点：自然主义　出处：《西北大学》2001年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本文从政治文化这一新的角度，，探讨以道家思想为核心的道治主义政治文化及其对中国古代政治和社会的影响。文章用五章十一节的篇幅，分别从（一）道治主义政治文化视角、（二）道治主义政治文化的内容、（三）道治主义政治文化在汉初的政治实践、（四）道治主义政治文化在魏晋的政治实践及（五）道治主义政治文化的影响及其反思等五个方面，初步分析了道治主义政治文化及实践的基本结构及其演变过程，意在表明:道治主义政治文化是中国古代政治文化史上与礼治、法治文化并列的一种基本的政治亚文化类型，在汉初和魏晋的政治实践中曾上升为政治的指导思想和社会的意识形态，对中国古代政治和社会产生了广泛而深刻的影响;其成功的经验和失败的教训，也有研究和讨论的必要。 “政治文化”是当代政治学研究的最新成就之一。它指的是对政治客体的情感、态度和信仰的价值取向性模式，是政治体系的心理方面和政治角色的行为模式。政治文化包括经常而明显地影响着政治发展的那些政治思想和世界观等。司马谈、魏源等已接触到了道家的政治文化倾向问题。本文认为道家及其信奉者是道治主义政治文化的主体，道家的自然主义是他们的政治信仰。道治文化以“道法自然”为宗旨，以清静自治为内在机制，是中国古代比较典型的民主、自由理念;它的“我无为而民自化”的民自治思想，是突出的民本主义。道治文化的理想政治人格是圣人和真人，他们对政治权威有本能的疏离感，往往对政治权威取批判和不合作的态度，而且相信治乱有道，有其世而后有其人。尽管他们既有游世又有化民的抱负，但却站在旁观者的立场冷静地旁观着社会政治的发展。不过，这一政治态度一旦落实在政治现实中，就会要么表现为庄子式的反权威精神，要么表现为黄老道家式的清静无为和政治决策的科学化。道治文化对社会政治抱着朴素的自治理想，企图在“见素抱朴”的柔弱环境中养成忠信淳朴的公序良俗，从而使人民在不知不觉中走向“小国寡民”的理想国。道治文化的这些信念是在对礼治和法治文化的否定之中实现其社会化的。道治文化的进一步发展表现为一个世俗化过程，逐步探索着通向现实政治的道路。 ===================
[Abstract]:From the new angle of political culture, this paper discusses the political culture of Taoism with Taoism as the core and its influence on China. The influence of Ancient Politics and Society. The article is divided into five chapters and eleven sections, from the perspective of (1) the political culture of Taoism. (2) the content of Taoist political Culture (3) the political practice of Taoist political Culture in the early Han Dynasty. The political practice of the Doctrine political Culture in the Wei and Jin dynasties and (5) the influence and introspection of the Taoist political Culture. This paper analyzes the basic structure and evolution process of the political culture and practice of Taoism in order to show that the political culture of Taoism is. A basic type of political subculture in the history of ancient Chinese political culture, juxtaposed with the culture of rule of etiquette and rule of law, in the early Han Dynasty and in the Wei and Jin dynasties. The guiding ideology of politics and the ideology of society in china's political practice have produced a wide range in ancient Chinese politics and society. Extensive and profound influence; its successful experience and failure lessons, also need to be studied and discussed. "political culture" is one of the latest achievements in the study of contemporary politics. It refers to feelings, attitudes and attitudes towards political objects. The value-oriented model of belief is the psychological aspect of the political system and the behavioral model of the political role. Political culture includes frequent. And those political thoughts and world views that have obviously affected political development. Sima Tan, Wei Yuan and others have come into contact with Taoist politics. This paper holds that Taoism and its followers are the main body of the political culture of Taoism, and Taoist naturalism is. Their political belief. Taoism culture takes "Taoism nature" as its purpose and quiet and autonomy as its internal mechanism. It is a comparison in ancient China. A more typical idea of democracy and freedom, and its idea of "I do nothing and the people become self-governed", is a prominent people-oriented doctrine. The ideal political personality of culture is saints and real people. They have an instinctive sense of alienation from political authority, and often take criticism of political authority. The attitude of judgment and uncooperation, and the belief that there is a good way to govern chaos, and then there are people. Although they have both the world and the people, Aspiring, but from a bystander's point of view, watching the development of social politics calmly. However, once this political attitude is put into practice. In the political reality, either the anti-authority spirit of Zhuangzi or the quiet and inaction of Huanglao Taoism will be manifested in the political reality. The science of political decision. Taoism culture holds the simple ideal of autonomy to the society and politics, and attempts to be weak in "seeing the plain and keeping the simplicity" In the environment, we should cultivate honest and honest public order and good customs, so that the people will unconsciously move towards the idealism of "small country with less people". These beliefs of governing culture are to realize its socialization in the negation of the culture of rule of etiquette and rule by law. Further development of Taoism culture. The exhibition is a secularization process, gradually exploring the road to realistic politics. To make a fuss or a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss, to make a fuss.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：K207

【引证文献】