清前期潮州自然灾害与社会应对研究（1644-1795）

发布时间：2018-03-15 22:18

本文选题：清前期　切入点：潮州　出处：《暨南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 广东省历来是我国自然灾害的多发区和常发区,也是重灾区。而潮州府大部分村县集中在广东沿海一带,这里既是海洋灾害多发区,也是地震活动断裂带,三角洲平原区更是暴雨洪涝频发区。不管是清代还是现代,无情的自然灾害对农林渔仍占很大比例的潮州经济造成了极大的破坏,如何更好地抗灾救灾?以古为鉴,取其精华,是研究清代潮州府应对自然灾害机制的目的。本论文以各县县志、清实录、文集等一手材料为基础,以前人研究为辅助,对水灾、旱灾、风灾、地震、低温等自然灾害进行统计,归纳出这一时期潮州的自然灾害呈现出普遍性、连续性和特殊性等特点；灾害的发生固然有自然因素,但人类的活动,如战火的肆虐、人口的速增、土地的开垦、吏治的腐败都会加剧灾害的程度；紧接着着重论述了清前期社会预防灾害、应对灾害的方法。由于清前期国力充盈,政治比较稳定,清政府有足够的能力和财力建仓储、修水利,且制定了完善的报灾制度。灾害发生后,又采取蠲免、调粟等手段救助农民。而巫术救荒则是当时特有的产物。自然灾害不仅对潮州经济产生了负面影响,同时对当地的移民、宗教和民性都有直接或间接的渗透。
[Abstract]:Guangdong Province has always been a frequently occurring and frequently occurring area of natural disasters in China, and it is also a major disaster area. Most of the villages and counties in Chaozhou Prefecture are concentrated in the coastal areas of Guangdong. This is not only a marine disaster prone area, but also a seismically active fault zone. No matter in Qing Dynasty or in modern times, the ruthless natural disasters have caused great damage to Chaozhou economy, which still accounts for a large proportion of agriculture, forestry and fishery. It is the purpose of studying the mechanism of Chaozhou government to deal with natural disasters in Qing Dynasty. This paper is based on county records, records of Qing Dynasty, collection of papers and other primary materials. Previous studies have been used as an aid to collect statistics on natural disasters such as floods, droughts, wind disasters, earthquakes, low temperatures, etc. It is concluded that the natural disasters in Chaozhou during this period showed the characteristics of universality, continuity and particularity. The occurrence of disasters certainly has natural factors, but human activities, such as the raging of war, the rapid increase of population and the reclamation of land, The corruption of officials will aggravate the degree of disaster. Then, the paper focuses on the methods of preventing disasters and coping with disasters in the pre-Qing society. Due to the abundant national strength and relatively stable politics in the early Qing Dynasty, the Qing government has sufficient ability and financial resources to build storage. Water conservancy was repaired, and a sound disaster reporting system was formulated. After the disaster occurred, it took measures to help farmers by means of jugular exemption and millet. But witchcraft and famine relief was a unique product of the time. Natural disasters not only had a negative impact on the economy of Chaozhou, but also had a negative impact on the economy of Chaozhou. At the same time, there is direct or indirect infiltration of local immigrants, religions and peoples.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：X43-09;K249

【参考文献】