清朝回疆民族政策—伯克制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:06

本文选题：清朝 + 民族政策　；参考：《石河子大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：回疆即现在新疆的南疆地区,自西汉时起就被纳入中央王朝的版图,在清朝是维吾尔人的聚居地。但在清朝之前各朝各代对回疆乃至整个西域均采用羁縻政策,即仅仅对其进行间接控制,该地区在名义上统归中央,实际上仍然处于相对独立的状态。清朝政府在回疆实施的伯克制度,在本质上实现了对该地区的实际控制。本文选择伯克制度进行研究,一方面在于说明伯克制度对清政府统治回疆所发挥的重要作用以及其对回疆经济发展的促进；另一方面重在探讨伯克制度对我国当代民族政策的制定实施所产生的借鉴意义。本文主要分为五个部分。第一部分主要阐述本题的研究意义和目前国内外的研究现状,并进一步展开研究思路。第二部分从清朝统治阶级的治国思想和民族政策入手,解释伯克制度实施的原因背景。第三部分从伯克制度的内容入手,详细探讨伯克制度的体系及其基本特征。第四部分通过评价伯克制度的优劣,说明其历史意义,并进一步提出其对当代民族政策制定与实施的启示。第五部分为结束语,主要提出国家权力的渗入使民族地区与中央政府的联系更为紧密和政策需要不断地变新,以适应社会发展的需要两个观点。总体而言,伯克制度在一定时期适应了回疆社会发展的需求,其在一定程度上是应当得到肯定的。它实现了回疆的社会稳定和经济发展,使清朝出现了“大一统”的局面。因此对这一民族政策进行研究具有重要的历史意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Huijiang, now the southern Xinjiang region of Xinjiang, has been included in the territory of the Central Dynasty since the Western Han Dynasty, where the Uighurs lived in the Qing Dynasty. But before the Qing Dynasty, each dynasty adopted Jimi policy to return to Xinjiang and even the whole western region, that is to say, it was controlled indirectly, and the region was nominally centralized, but in fact, it was still in a relatively independent state. In essence, the Burke system implemented by the Qing government in Xinjiang realized the actual control of the region. This article chooses Burke system to carry on the research, on the one hand, explains the Burke system to the Qing government rule returns the Xinjiang to play the important role as well as its to the Hui Xinjiang economic development promotion; On the other hand, it discusses the significance of Burke system to the formulation and implementation of contemporary national policy. This paper is divided into five parts. The first part mainly describes the significance of this topic and the current research situation at home and abroad, and further research ideas. The second part explains the reason of Burke system from the ruling class's thought and national policy. The third part starts with the content of Burke system, and discusses the system and basic characteristics of Burke system in detail. The fourth part explains the historical significance of Burke system by evaluating its advantages and disadvantages, and further puts forward its enlightenment to the formulation and implementation of contemporary national policy. The fifth part is the concluding remarks, mainly put forward two viewpoints: the infiltration of state power makes the relationship between ethnic areas and the central government closer and the policy needs to be constantly changed to meet the needs of social development. In a word, Burke system adapts to the demand of social development in Xinjiang in a certain period, and it should be affirmed to some extent. It realized the social stability and economic development of Huijiang, and made the Qing Dynasty "unified". Therefore, the study of this national policy has important historical and practical significance.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K249

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