儒学与“天学”张力中的徐光启

发布时间：2018-05-29 23:16

本文选题：徐光启 + 传教士　；参考：《东北师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：徐光启(1562一1633年)是明末著名学者,集大臣、科学家、思想家和天主教徒于一身。他是我国历史上有重大成就的科学家之一,又是我国近代科学的先驱,许多科学技术的引入和学科的建立,均应归功于他。他这些在科技方面作出的卓越贡献早已为人熟知。他还是一位关注现实、励精图治的政治家,为巩固明帝国而改革朝政,为改变学风而引进西学,以此作为富国强兵之术。然而,徐光启人生之重大转折发生在他与西学有了实质性接触之后。经过十几年的观察、体验,他最终选择了一个外来信仰,接受了洗礼,成为一名天主教徒。史学界认为他是天主教在中国最重要的奠基人之一,天主教史家将他与李之藻、杨廷筠一起列为“中国天主教开教三大柱石”。在他身上同时体现了儒家理念,欧洲文艺复兴末期的近代科学精神和古老的天主教信仰。这些不同的文化因素,无论是对于当时的士大夫,还是今天的社会精英,都似乎是不可调和的。而正是这些异质因素在他身上的有机结合,形成了徐光启人格的巨大张力,也激发了本文作者的研究兴趣。与当时大多数士大夫对天主教的反映不同,徐光启的特立独行必有其特定的背景条件和心路历程。究竟是哪些因素造就了他这种独特的人格属性?什么力量使这位官至一品的士大夫接受了来自外邦的说教并坚信终身?科学理性的客观实证与宗教信仰的主观“盲从”如何构成他的生命张力?本研究以徐光启本人的著作为基本依据,叙述他的精神历程,让徐光启本人带领我们与他一起回到他所处的明末社会,一起重温第一次中西相逢的历史经验和精神冲撞。虽然我本人的理论能力和知识积累都很不足,但希望尽可能地忠实于历史文本,尽可能地还原这位伟人,使他成为我们思考精神性的一个参照。
[Abstract]:Xu Guangqi (1562-1633) was a famous scholar in the late Ming Dynasty, who brought together ministers, scientists, thinkers and Catholics. He is one of the scientists with great achievements in the history of our country, and is also the pioneer of the modern science of our country. Many of the introduction of science and technology and the establishment of the discipline should be attributed to him. His outstanding contributions to science and technology have long been known. He was also a pragmatic politician who reformed the government to consolidate the Ming Empire and introduced western learning to change the style of study as a means of strengthening the country and strengthening the armed forces. However, Xu Guangqi's major turn in life took place after he had substantial contact with western science. After more than a decade of observation and experience, he eventually chose a foreign faith, was baptized and became a Catholic. He was regarded by historians as one of the most important founders of Catholicism in China. Catholic historians listed him, together with Li Zhizao and Yang Tingyun, as "the three pillars of Catholicism in China". He embodies Confucianism, the modern scientific spirit of the end of the European Renaissance and the ancient Catholic faith. These different cultural factors, whether for the literati at that time, or the social elite today, seem irreconcilable. It is the organic combination of these heterogeneity factors in his body that forms the great tension of Xu Guangqi personality and arouses the author's research interest. Unlike the reaction of most literati to Catholicism at that time, Xu Guangqi's maverick must have its own background and mental process. What are the factors behind his unique personality? What forces led the official to a pint to receive a lecture from a Gentile and to believe in it for the rest of his life? How does the objective demonstration of scientific reason and the subjective "blind follower" of religious belief constitute his life tension? On the basis of Xu Guangqi's own works, this study narrates his spiritual course and lets Xu Guangqi himself lead us back to the late Ming society with him and relive the historical experience and spiritual collision of the first encounter between China and the West. Although my theoretical ability and accumulation of knowledge are very insufficient, I hope to be faithful to the historical text as much as possible and restore this great man as much as possible, so that he can become a reference for us to think about spirituality.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K248.3

【引证文献】