向隅独泣——晚明泰州经济困境与地方应对

发布时间：2018-07-02 13:48

  本文选题：晚明 + 泰州　； 参考：《古代文明》2017年04期

【摘要】：晚明泰州经济的衰败很大程度上是国家黄、运治理政策形塑的结果。明代治黄以保运为先,造成淮河入海通路被侵占,遂使淮扬运道、祖陵与下河州县同罹水患。在治水技术无法提供兼顾三者的解决方案时,明廷鉴于祖陵、运道对皇室与国计的特殊意义,选择将下河作为排泄区。这种角色设定导致泰州水害频发,破坏了原先优良的农作环境,当地经济也随之陷入困境。泰州士绅既无力扭转大的水利格局,也未能说服国家提供更多的赋税优惠,水利与税收分配的主导权始终掌握在国家手中。这表明在地方与国家核心利益发生冲突时,地方社会所能体现出来的自主性与能动性有限,很难抵制国家行为对地方民生的侵害。晚明泰州的遭遇显示帝制国家对地方社会保有较强的穿透力与影响力,地方史研究亦需充分考量"国家"要素。
[Abstract]:Taizhou's economic decline in the late Ming Dynasty was largely the result of the government's policy of governance. In the Ming Dynasty, protection of the Yellow River as the first, resulting in the Huaihe River access to the sea was encroached on, so that Huaiyang Road, Zuling and Xiaohe County suffered from the same flood. In view of the special significance of Zuling and Yundao to the royal family and the state, the Ming court chose to take the river down as the drainage area when the water control technology could not provide a solution that could take account of the three aspects. This role-setting led to the frequent occurrence of water hazards in Taizhou, destroying the original good farming environment, and the local economy was also in trouble. The Taizhou gentry could neither reverse the large water conservancy pattern nor persuade the state to provide more tax concessions. The leading power of water conservancy and tax distribution was always in the hands of the state. This shows that when the core interests of the local and the state conflict, the autonomy and initiative of the local society is limited, and it is difficult to resist the encroachment of the state behavior on the local people's livelihood. The experience of Taizhou in the late Ming Dynasty shows that the imperial state has strong penetration and influence over the local society, and the study of local history also needs to give full consideration to the elements of "state".
【作者单位】： 东北师范大学历史文化学院;
【分类号】：K248.3
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本文编号：2090315