罗尔斯《正义论》中的反至善论及其效应

发布时间：2018-01-05 00:23

本文关键词：罗尔斯《正义论》中的反至善论及其效应　出处：《道德与文明》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

更多相关文章： 反至善论 罗尔斯 中立性 至善论

【摘要】：在《正义论》中,罗尔斯基于善观念的多样性和不确定性,根据平等的要求而将至善论排除在政治原则之外。这种反至善论的立场在自由主义内外引起了不同的反应。一方面,与罗尔斯处于同一阵营的德沃金基于平等这一理想明确提出国家中立性原则,然而中立性本身又是一种需要辩护的立场;另一方面,由于罗尔斯的反至善论论证关涉正当的优先性,而正当的优先性也是充满争议的,它一开始就受到了社群主义的强烈反对。于是,基于对中立性及其可能性的怀疑,又鉴于社群主义的重要挑战,至善论者试图超越两者并基于至善论为自由主义辩护,从而使至善论在当代政治哲学中得以复兴。
[Abstract]:In the Theory of Justice, Rawls is based on the diversity and uncertainty of the concept of good. According to the requirement of equality, the doctrine of supreme goodness is excluded from political principles. This position of anti-goodness theory has caused different reactions inside and outside liberalism... on the one hand. Dworkin, who is in the same camp as Rawls, clearly puts forward the principle of national neutrality based on the ideal of equality, but neutrality itself is a position that needs to be defended. On the other hand, since Rawls' anti-supreme theory is concerned with the legitimate priority, and the legitimate priority is also controversial, it was strongly opposed by communitarianism from the beginning. Based on doubts about neutrality and its possibilities, and in view of the important challenge of communitarianism, the optimists try to transcend both and defend liberalism on the basis of the maximalist theory. Thus, the theory of supreme goodness can be revived in contemporary political philosophy.
【作者单位】：浙江大学哲学系;贵州大学哲学系;
【基金】：贵州大学文科研究青年项目(GDQN2013003)
【分类号】：D091
【正文快照】： 一、问题的缘起自贡斯当以来的现代自由主义者强调,由于现代社会与古代社会在各个方面都发生了深刻的变化,人们对于一个人应该如何过自己的生活或者什么样的生活是有价值的和值得过的不再持统一的意见。所以,政府的首要职责就不再是积极地推行一种良善生活的观念(conception o

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