论性别政治的终结

发布时间：2018-01-16 12:21

本文关键词：论性别政治的终结　出处：《浙江大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会性别(gender)是一个政治发明,它具有权力效应。性别的压迫与反抗使性别成为权力的场域。从现代政治的角度来说,性别的最重要层面就是“性别政治”。性别阶层间存在统治与被统治、支配与被支配的不平等权力关系。在性别政治化与性别去政治化两极张力下,性别压迫无处不在、无时不有。在经济领域,性别个体的经济自由被限制或剥夺；在政治领域,性别个体被从不符合公私划分标准的领域强制剥离,身体遭到暴力规训；在文化教育领域,不平等的性别权力关系通过污名等方式实现复制和再生产。性别反抗既包括在不平等权力格局内的自发、消极的反抗与质疑,也包括自为、积极地对性别权力格局的解构与冲击,体现为性别主体意识的觉醒与张扬。性别个体通过尊重或颠倒阴阳位置的策略,自发谋求对不平等权力关系的多资源对抗；通过伪装与张扬,实现在不平等性别权力格局内的反向主体建构。风气云涌的女性主义运动、男性解放和跨性别运动,对性别权力格局从整体上进行了冲击和解构。性别政治除了性别压迫与性别反抗之权力斗争外,还纠葛了其他权力关系的斗争。阶级、族群、性、年龄等都是影响性别权力关系的因素,这是个复杂的权力协商过程。实现真正的性别解放是终结性别政治的走向。马克思主义人的全面发展学说在终极关怀意义上给了性别解放实现的希望；中国传统文化内蕴自我超越的“人‘性’”主张,令人在真正性别解放实现的现实性上看到了曙光。作为性别政治终结层面的从性别解放到人的解放的终极超越,孕育了向内实践与向外改造两个方向。民主自由是实现历史层面的性别政治终结的制度保障；而人的绝对主体性的确立才是终结性别政治、实现从性别解放到人的终极超越的根本途径和方向。总之,性别政治的终结,乃至人之从性别解放到人的解放的终极超越就是要：以民主、自由制度为外壳,为制度保证,以中国传统文化的“人‘性’”主张为内核,以超个人主义心理学为补充,以马克思主义人的解放理想为愿景,以现代前沿科学为验证,通过人的绝对主体性的确立,尊重一切时空合理性,超越主客对立,实现天人合一的活泼泼的人生境界。
[Abstract]:Gender is a political invention, it has power effect. The oppression and resistance of gender make gender the field of power. From the perspective of modern politics. The most important aspect of gender is "gender politics". There exists the unequal power relationship between the gender class and the ruled, dominated and dominated, and under the tension of gender politicization and gender depoliticization. Gender oppression is everywhere, always. In the economic field, the economic freedom of gender individuals is restricted or denied; In the political sphere, gender individuals are forcibly stripped from areas that do not meet the criteria of public and private division, and their bodies are subjected to violent discipline; In the field of culture and education, the unequal gender power relationship can be copied and reproduced by means of stigma. Gender resistance includes spontaneous, passive resistance and doubt within the unequal power pattern, but also self-made. The positive deconstruction and impact on the pattern of gender power is reflected in the awakening and publicity of the consciousness of the subject of gender. The strategy of respecting or reversing the position of yin and yang is adopted by the individual of gender. Spontaneous pursuit of multi-resource confrontation against unequal power relations; Through camouflage and publicity, realize the reverse subject construction in the unequal gender power pattern. The feminist movement, the male liberation and the transgender movement. In addition to the power struggle between gender oppression and gender resistance, gender politics also disputes the struggle of other power relations. Class, ethnic group, sex. Age is the influence factor of gender power relationship, which is a complicated power negotiation process. The realization of real gender liberation is the end of gender politics. The Marxist theory of all-round development gives hope for the realization of gender liberation in the sense of ultimate concern. Chinese traditional culture contains the idea of "human 'nature' which transcends itself." As the end of gender politics, it is the ultimate transcendence from gender emancipation to human liberation. Democracy and freedom are the institutional guarantee to realize the end of gender politics on the historical level. The establishment of man's absolute subjectivity is the fundamental way and direction to end gender politics and realize the ultimate transcendence from gender liberation to human being. In short, the end of gender politics, and even the ultimate transcendence from gender liberation to human liberation, is to: With democracy and free system as the outer shell, as the system guarantee, with the Chinese traditional culture's "human 'nature' idea as the core, with the ultra individualism psychology as the supplement, take the Marxist human liberation ideal as the vision." Based on modern frontier science, through the establishment of man's absolute subjectivity, the rationality of all time and space is respected, the opposition of subject and object is transcended, and the realm of life with the unity of nature and man is realized.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D0

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