福山国家构建思想研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 03:43

本文关键词： 弗朗西斯·福山国家构建国家能力国家治理　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家构建,通常用以描述国家宏观制度的设计和建设,国家构建思想即是关于国家制度设计和制度建设的相关理论。福山的国家构建思想以独立后的新兴第三世界国家的发展现状为主要研究对象,试图为这些“失败国家”的发展谋求新的出路。当今世界,战争、疾病、毒品及恐怖主义等全球性事件频发,先发民主国家和发展中国家都面临着国家能力不足的问题,福山认为,正是这种国家弱化的局面引发了一系列的世界性危机。由此,福山特别强调国家能力,其国家构建理论也围绕着国家能力建设而展开。福山从制度需求和制度供给两方面入手,对制度建设进行了较为深入的探讨。在福山看来,只有本土国家才能深入了解本国的传统和国情,因此,国家构建工作理应交由本土国家执政者去做,而非外部势力进行间接统治。其构建方式有三种:全面的制度设计、照搬外国制度和因地制宜地借鉴外国模式。福山强调,国家制度设计的运用必须因地制宜。福山认为,国家构建的成功取决于民族建设是否先于或同步于国家构建而行,国家构建的最终目标是建立小而强的现代民族国家。他从国家概念的二维分析框架入手,区分了国家概念的两个重要维度:政府职能的范围和国家力量强度。通过对国家概念的准确把握,福山得出了“现代有效国家的标志是政府的职范围较小而国家的力量强度较大”的最终结论。最后,福山从维护世界秩序的角度出发,将一国的国家构建与国际层面的民主合法性联系在一起做了相关探讨。此外,他后续所提出的国家、法治和责任制“三位一体”的政治发展观完善并拓宽了其国家构建理论的思想内涵。整体来看,福山的“国家构建”理论从现实出发,为应对当今全球性问题给出了新的解决方案,也为发达国家和广大发展中国家走出发展困境提供了重要的参考思路。然而,这一理论所存在的谬误及其背后所隐藏的西方霸权主义实质不容忽视。因此,我们要正确、客观地看待福山的国家构建思想,在现代化国家建设的实践进程中,去其糟粕并因地制宜地借鉴其思想的合理成分。
[Abstract]:State construction, usually used to describe the design and construction of a country's macro system, The thought of national construction is related to the design and construction of national system. The main research object of Fushan's thought of national construction is the status quo of the emerging third world countries after independence. Trying to find a new way out for the development of these "failed states." in today's world, where global events such as war, disease, drugs and terrorism are frequently occurring, both pre-developed democracies and developing countries face the problem of insufficient national capacity. Fukuyama believes that it is the weakening situation of the country that has triggered a series of world crises. As a result, Fukuyama has placed special emphasis on national capacity. The theory of national construction also revolves around the construction of national capacity. Fushan starts from the two aspects of institutional demand and institutional supply, and probes into the construction of institution. In Fushan's view, Only native countries can have an in-depth understanding of their own traditions and national conditions. Therefore, the construction of a country should be left to those in charge of the local state, rather than indirectly ruled by external forces. There are three ways to construct it: comprehensive institutional design. Fushan stressed that the use of national system design must be adapted to local conditions. Fushan believes that the success of national construction depends on whether national construction predates or synchronizes with national construction. The ultimate goal of national construction is to build a small and powerful modern nation-state. It distinguishes the two important dimensions of the concept of state: the scope of government function and the strength of national power. Fukuyama came to the final conclusion that "the symbol of a modern effective country is the smaller scope of government and the greater strength of the state." finally, Fukuyama set out from the point of view of maintaining world order. Linking the nation-building of a country to democratic legitimacy at the international level. The political development view of the "trinity" of the rule of law and the responsibility system has perfected and broadened the ideological connotation of his theory of national construction. On the whole, Fukuyama's theory of "national construction" starts from reality. It provides new solutions to today's global problems, as well as important reference ideas for developed countries and developing countries to get out of the dilemma of development. The fallacy of this theory and the essence of western hegemonism hidden behind it can not be ignored. Therefore, we should correctly and objectively view Fukuyama's thought of national construction, in the course of the practice of modern national construction. Discard the dregs and learn from the rational elements of his thoughts according to local conditions.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D03

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