“平均主义”究竟意味着什么——对不同语境下“平均主义”一词意蕴的辨析

发布时间：2018-03-20 15:16

本文选题：平均主义　切入点：反对平均主义　出处：《探索与争鸣》2013年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："平均主义"按其历史上的用法,至少存在三种情况。第一种是"自下而上"的诉求,是下层对于上层的诉求或者不满情绪的表达,重要的是对于在生活待遇等问题上的等级秩序和特权的非议;第二种是"自上而下"的导引,也就是在中共领导土地改革、合作化和公社化等生产关系变革的政治运动中,存在的主观指导上、政策上的平均主义;第三种是制度性的问题,触及的是经济体制的问题。在"平均主义"的三种类型中,第一种比较易于克服,后两种一旦形成就很难解决。在改革开放30多年之后的今天,我们还要不要使用"平均主义"这样的概念?要不要继续提出"反对平均主义"的口号?我们必须冷静判断形势,看看到底有没有出现这样的倾向。即使要用的话,也必须做出符合当今现实的、具有鲜明的具体的针对性的阐释,赋予这一概念十分明确的具有现实针对性的内涵。
[Abstract]:"egalitarianism", according to its historical usage, exists in at least three situations. The first is the "bottom-up" appeal, the lower level's expression of the upper class's demands or dissatisfaction. What is important is the criticism of the hierarchical order and privileges on issues such as living treatment; the second is the guidance of "top-down", that is, in the political movement of the Communist Party of China to lead the transformation of production relations such as land reform, cooperation and commune, etc. In terms of subjective guidance, policy egalitarianism; third, institutional problems, which touch on the problems of the economic system. Of the three types of "egalitarianism", the first is relatively easy to overcome. Once the latter two are formed, it is very difficult to solve them. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, should we still use the concept of "egalitarianism"? Should we continue to put forward the slogan of "opposing egalitarianism"? We must calmly judge the situation and see if there is such a tendency in the end. Even if we want to use it, we must also make clear and specific interpretations that are in line with today's reality. This concept is given a very clear connotation with realistic pertinence.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学哲学系;中国现代思想文化研究所;
【分类号】：D081

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