波里比阿国家政体思想探析

发布时间：2018-03-22 06:17

本文选题：波里比阿　切入点：单纯政体　出处：《陕西师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：波里比阿是希腊化时代著名的希腊籍历史学家。因其史学理论等诸多方面的贡献,他被后世称为“历史学家中的历史学家”。他生活在发生历史巨变的希腊化时代,见证了罗马逐渐征服地中海的过程。他集毕生精力写成的《通史》义称《历史》,开创了普世史学的传统。这部巨著不但反映了他撰史的特点,同时也深刻地体现了他的政体思想。从一个历史学家与实用政治家的角度出发,波里比阿探究一个国家的政治体制对于国家成败的重要性。尽管他的政体思想带有浓厚的希腊传统政治思想印记,但是他又有自己的创新。他阐释了政体分类与政体循环论,并在此基础上提出混合政体理论。本文在前人研究的基础之上对他政体思想形成的原因、内涵与特点及其历史意义作一定的分析。全文共分为四部分,加上绪论与结束语共六个部分。绪论部分主要论述本文的选题意义与目的,国内外对这个问题的研究概况,本文的研究方法与思路以及创新之处。第一部分主要分析波里比阿国家政体思想的形成原因。这一章主要从主观与客观两个方面考察波里比阿国家政体思想的形成原因,并且结合罗马统一地中海世界这一历史背景进行分析。从客观方面来说,希腊政治理论为波里比阿提供了一定的理论借鉴。从主观来说,其政体思想与他撰史的实用性特点以及爱国情感是密不可分的。同时他的政治生涯经历对他政体思想的形成也产生了潜移默化的影响。第二部分论述波里比阿国家政体思想的内涵。他的政体思想主要包括政体分类、政体循环以及混合政体论。首先他阐述了三种优良政体与三种堕落政体的产生过程、特征与变化,在此基础上提出了单纯政体循环理论。接着以分析罗马政体为核心他提出混合政体理论,阐述了罗马政体中三种主要力量的平衡与制约关系。同时他也指出罗马政体要走向堕落的命运。他遵循希腊传统将政体外延扩大,分析罗马风俗等因素。最后从罗马政体与其他政体的比较中得出罗马政体优越性的结论。第三部分主要分析波里比阿国家政体思想的特点。他的政体思想体现了明显的实用性特点,波里比阿将政体变化的理论应用在分析希腊历史上经历的政体变化与以及罗马混合政体上。同时他的政体思想也反映了明显的道德性原则,他分析了单纯政体变化与罗马政体变化时都体现了波里比阿重视道德因素的作用。不仅如此,他还尝试从人类心理角度阐释政体的发展与演变。第四部分论述波里比阿国家政体思想的历史意义。波里比阿在前人基础上有独特的创新,某种程度上超出了希腊政治思想的主流,为研究政体提供了新的视角。对于后世研究罗马史提供了有用的资料与研究方法。他的政体思想不但影响了文艺复兴与启蒙运动时代的西方政治家与思想家,而且也为近代西方政治体制的产生提供了理论基础。结束语部分从整体上对波里比阿的政体思想进行总结。他的政体思想在历史巨变的人背景下形成,在西方政治思想史上占有一席之位。波里比阿的研究在某种程度上实现了史学求真与求善的统一。
[Abstract]:Bo Libby A is a famous Hellenistic Greek historian. Due to many aspects of the theory of history and contribution, he was later known as the "historian of historians". He lives in the Hellenistic age history, witnessed the process of Rome gradually conquered the Mediterranean. He set a lifetime in < > of righteousness according to history >, created a universal historical tradition. This work not only reflects the characteristics of his writing history, but also reflects his political thought. Starting from a practical point of view the historian and politician, Bo Libby A explores a country's political system is important for national success. Despite his regime with a strong ideological and political thought of traditional Greek mark, but he also has his own innovation. He explains the classification of constitution and polity cycle theory, and on the basis of the theory of mixed system. On the basis of previous studies, the article makes a certain analysis of the reasons for the formation of his political ideology, its connotation and characteristics and its historical significance.
The full text is divided into four parts, plus the six parts of the introduction and the concluding language.
The introduction part mainly discusses the significance and purpose of this topic, the research situation of this problem at home and abroad, the research methods and ideas and the innovation of this paper.
The first part mainly analyzes the causes of Bo Libby A regime thought. This chapter mainly from two aspects: subjective and objective causes of Bo Libby A's regime thought, and combined with the Rome unified Mediterranean world this historical background analysis. Objectively speaking, Greek political theory provides a theoretical reference for Bo Libby A from the subjective. Speaking, his regime and his ideas of writing history of practical character of patriotism is inseparable. At the same time, his political career experience on the formation of his political thought also had a subtle impact.
The second part discusses the connotation of his constitution thought. His political thought mainly includes regime classification, polity cycle and mixed regime theory. First, he described the production process of three kinds of excellent regime and three corrupt regimes, characteristics and changes, is proposed based on the theory of pure constitution cycling. Then the analysis of Rome's political system is the core of him the theory of mixed system, expounds the relationship between the balance and restriction of three main forces in the Rome regime. He also pointed out that the Rome government would decline fate. He will follow the traditional Greek government extension, analysis of Rome customs and other factors. The result shows the superiority of Rome regime results from Rome government and other government finally in.
The third part mainly analyzes the characteristics of Bo Libby A regime thought. His political thought embodies the practical characteristics of Bo Libby A regime change theory applied in the analysis of regime change through the history of the Greek and Rome mixed regime. At the same time his political thought also reflects the moral principle clearly, he analyzed the pure constitution change with the Rome regime change have reflected Bo Libby A pay attention to moral factors. Not only that, he also expounded the constitution from the angle of human psychology.
The fourth part discusses the Bo Libby A regime thought historical significance. Bo Libby A has a unique innovation in the previous basis, to a certain extent beyond the mainstream of Greek political thought, provides a new perspective to study government. Provided the information and methods useful for future generations to study the history of Rome. His political thought not only affected the Western politicians with the thinkers of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment of the times, but also provides a theoretical basis for the modern western political system.
The conclusion from the whole of Bo Libby A's regime thought were summarized. His political thought in the formation of historical changes in the background, occupies a position in the history of Western political thought. Bo Libby A's study to achieve the unity of the truth of history and goodness to a certain extent.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D09

【引证文献】