贺麟学术救国思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 12:58

本文选题：贺麟 + 学术救国　；参考：《湖北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：贺麟学术救国思想形成于20世纪30至40年代。这一时期,是中国近代以来面临的民族危机最为严重的时期。自1931年日本在中国制造了“九一八”事变后,武力侵华的意图昭然若揭,中国面临的国家民族危机急剧加强。1937年日本制造了“七七事变”,发动了全面侵华的战争,中国抗日战争爆发。在亡国灭种危机的压力下,中国人民掀起了全民族抗战救国的时代浪潮。在文化学术界,爱国知识分子以文化、学术为武器,以学术救国思想为号召,投身抗日救国的浪潮。他们致力于以文化学术研究,来发掘民族文化的精髓,吸收西方文化的精华,建设中国的新文化,高扬民族团结的道德精神,鼓舞民族抗战的斗志,赢取抗战,复兴民族。贺麟作为近代新知识分子的一员,同样身怀复兴民族文化的热忱之心。在时代精神的鼓舞下积极投身民族抗战事业。面对国际、民族的危机,贺麟试图以重振民族文化来挽救国家民族。贺麟通过走中西文化比较参证、融会贯通的道路来处理中西文化的冲突与融合,他强调要以主动化西的态度,全观西方文化,对西方文化的深邃之处要直捣黄龙,取宏用精,华化、儒化西方哲学。贺麟的学术救国思想最终形成于抗日战争时期。贺麟的学术救国思想的出现、形成是其早期思想变化发展的结果。在抗战爆发前,贺麟致力于学习西方先进文化的精髓来充实改造民族文化,谋求民族文化的振兴。早年受益于在清华时梁启超和梁漱溟先生的教诲,贺麟对传统文化尤其宋明理学产生浓厚研究兴趣。清华毕业后,本着振兴民族文化的志向,游学欧美接受了斯宾诺莎、新黑格尔主义以及黑格尔哲学思想。在学贯中西基础上,贺麟走上中西文化比较参证、融会贯通的道路。1931年日本侵华日益加剧,心忧国难的贺麟提前结束在德国的学业赶回国内,投身抵抗日本侵略的救亡事业。在抗战中,贺麟认为只有学术才能救国,提出了学术建国的思想,号召文化抗战,学术救国。贺麟学术救国思想的内涵,一方面在于重新寻找传统儒家思想的现代价值,以儒家思想为主体重建中国新文化；另一方面,在于对西方古典哲学的融会。贺麟认为,中国新的文化应该是开放的,对西学要主动化西。贺麟学术救国思想主要有两个践行的途径。其一,贺麟致力于对西方哲学的译述。将西方哲学的精神介绍到中国,以充实改造中国哲学,建立新文化的基础。贺麟尤为关注的是黑格尔哲学的引进译述。其二,在于建设中国的新文化。贺麟认为,民族文化的重振能够为中国的抗战胜利和建立世界一等的自由独立的新国家奠定坚实永久的基础。在新文化的建社上,贺麟着力于新心学哲学体系的构建,同时认为新文化建设应该秉持合理性、合人情、合时代的态度。贺麟学术救国思想,其对时代认识的概括和总结,合乎了当时代的要求,对于中国新文化的建设有着指导作用和积极意义。
[Abstract]:He Lin's thought of saving the nation was formed in the 1930s and 1940s. This period is the most serious period of national crisis that China has faced since modern times. Since the "September 18" incident in China was created by Japan in 1931, the intention to invade China by force has become clear, and the national and national crisis facing China has intensified dramatically. In 1937, Japan created the "incident of July 7th" and launched a war of full-scale aggression against China. The War of Resistance against Japan broke out in China. Under the pressure of the extermination crisis, the Chinese people set off a wave of the whole nation's anti-Japanese war to save the nation. In the cultural academic circles, patriotic intellectuals took culture and scholarship as weapons, called on academic ideas to save the country, and threw themselves into the tide of anti-Japanese and national-saving. They are committed to exploring the essence of national culture, absorbing the essence of western culture, building new Chinese culture, raising the moral spirit of national unity, encouraging the national fighting spirit of anti-Japanese war, winning the anti-Japanese war, and reviving the nation. He Lin, as a member of the new intellectuals in modern times, was also enthusiastic about reviving national culture. Inspired by the spirit of the times, he actively devoted himself to the cause of the National War of Resistance. Facing the international and national crisis, he Lin tried to revive the national culture to save the nation. He Lin dealt with the conflict and integration of Chinese and Western cultures by taking the path of comparing Chinese and Western cultures and integrating them. He stressed the need to take the initiative to transform western culture, to view Western culture as a whole, and to attack the depth of Western culture directly at Huanglong, and to take great care of the essence of Western culture. Chinese, Confucianism, Western philosophy. He Lin's thought of saving the nation was formed in the War of Resistance against Japan. The appearance of he Lin's thought of saving the nation was the result of the change and development of his early thought. Before the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, he Lin devoted himself to learning the quintessence of western advanced culture to enrich and transform the national culture and to seek the rejuvenation of the national culture. In his early years he benefited from the teachings of Liang Qichao and Liang Shuming in Tsinghua, and he had a strong interest in traditional culture, especially Song Ming Neo-Confucianism. After Tsinghua graduated, he accepted Spinoza, New Hegel Doctrine and Hegel's philosophy in the spirit of revitalizing national culture. On the basis of studying Chinese and Western cultures, he Lin took the road of comparing Chinese and Western cultures and integrating them. In 1931, Japan's invasion of China intensified day by day, and he Lin, who was worried about the national disaster, ended his studies in Germany ahead of time and rushed back home to join in the cause of saving the country from Japanese aggression. In the War of Resistance against Japan, he Lin thought that only the academic can save the nation. On the one hand, the connotation of he Lin's thought of academic salvation lies in the re-search for the modern value of traditional Confucianism and the reconstruction of Chinese new culture with Confucianism as the main body; on the other hand, it is the fusion of western classical philosophy. He Lin believes that China's new culture should be open to Western learning. He Lin's thought of saving the nation has two main ways to practice. First, he Lin is devoted to the translation of western philosophy. The spirit of western philosophy is introduced to China in order to enrich and transform Chinese philosophy and establish the foundation of new culture. He Lin paid special attention to the introduction and translation of Hegel's philosophy. The second is to build a new Chinese culture. He Lin believes that the revival of national culture can lay a solid and permanent foundation for China's victory in the War of Resistance against Japan and the establishment of a world first class free and independent new country. In the construction of the new culture, he Lin focused on the construction of the philosophy system of new psychology, and thought that the construction of new culture should adhere to the attitude of rationality, humanity and times. He Lin's thought of saving the country from academic work, which summarizes and summarizes the understanding of the times, conforms to the requirements of the times and has a guiding role and positive significance for the construction of Chinese new culture.
【学位授予单位】：湖北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：B261

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