现代性视角下的中国自由主义思潮研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 22:38

本文选题：现代性 + 自由　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：自由主义是20世纪以来中国最主要的社会思潮之一,在中国的现代化过程中扮演过重要角色,尤其是当前强调以社会主义核心价值体系引领社会思潮背景下,对自由主义的研究具有特别重要的意义。本论文以现代性为视角,在梳理了西方自由主义的历史源流、基本内涵的基础上,具体分析了中国自由主义思潮的发展历程,并试图对其进行理解和实事求是的评价。文中对自由主义的现代性解读,主要是对其与现代化关系的探究。客观而论,中国的自由主义者是中国社会的精英群体,他们的思想体系包含着具有符合历史价值和时代精神的合理内容。我们研究中国的自由主义,不仅要批判,也要继承：自由主义抗拒专制、极权、暴力,崇尚自由、民主、人权、法治、理性,这些在客观上有助于中国的现代化,也可以成为今天中国特色社会主义建设的有用资源。对此,抱简单否定的态度不是历史唯物主义的基本态度。特别是在爱国主义旗帜下,自由主义与社会主义并不相互排斥,而是可以互补和会通的,很多话语和理念值得重新认识,并使之发挥新的功用。因此,我们应理性分析和对待自由主义,以利于多元现代化社会的构建。论文主体为五个部分,第一部分绪论介绍了选题的背景和意义,综述了研究的现状,解释了研究涉及的主要概念：现代性、自由,最后交代了研究思路和视角等。第二部分,现代性与西方自由主义。探究了西方自由主义的现代性起源,追溯了西方自由主义从古典自由主义到现代自由主义的发展历程,并总结出自由主义的基本内涵。第三部分,近代中国自由主义。主要介绍近代中国自由主义代表人物的典型思想,分别是严复的自由思想、胡适的实用主义、张君劢的宪政思想、张东荪的“社会主义”、罗隆基的人权及顾准的民主思想等。第四部分,当代中国自由主义。叙述了改革开放后,自由主义再次复活,其在80年代具有典型的激进特征,它以各种理论形式挑起一系列思想文化事件和社会运动,其中有人道主义运动、新启蒙运动、政治自由化运动,进入90年代伴随着市场化改革,自由主义趋向保守,并得以公开举旗言说。第五部分,自由主义与中国的现代化。此部分对自由主义在中国现代化中的价值作用作了集中分析,分别从自由主义与中国现代民族国家的建立、民主政治的实现、经济现代化和文化现代化几个方面进行说明。第六部分,最后小结,我们应该全面认识和正确对待自由主义。
[Abstract]:Liberalism, one of the most important social trends in China since the 20th century, has played an important role in China's modernization process, especially in the context of the current emphasis on leading the social trend of thought with the socialist core value system. The study of liberalism is of particular significance. On the basis of combing the historical origin and basic connotation of western liberalism, this paper analyzes the development course of Chinese liberalism and tries to understand and evaluate it from the perspective of modernity. In this paper, the modern interpretation of liberalism, mainly to explore the relationship between it and modernization. Objectively speaking, Chinese liberals are the elite group of Chinese society, and their ideological system contains reasonable contents which accord with the historical value and the spirit of the times. To study Chinese liberalism, we must not only criticize, but also inherit: liberalism resists autocracy, totalitarianism, violence, freedom, democracy, human rights, the rule of law, rationality, which objectively contributes to China's modernization. It can also be a useful resource for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics today. To this, the attitude of simple negation is not the basic attitude of historical materialism. Especially under the banner of patriotism, liberalism and socialism are not mutually exclusive, but can complement each other. Therefore, we should rationally analyze and treat liberalism in order to help the construction of pluralistic modern society. The first part introduces the background and significance of the topic, summarizes the status quo of the research, explains the main concepts involved in the study: modernity, freedom, and finally explains the research ideas and perspectives. The second part, modernity and western liberalism. This paper probes into the modernity origin of western liberalism, traces the development of western liberalism from classical liberalism to modern liberalism, and sums up the basic connotation of liberalism. The third part, modern Chinese liberalism. This paper mainly introduces the typical thoughts of the representative figures of liberalism in modern China, such as Yan Fu's freedom thought, Hu Shi's pragmatism, Zhang Junmai's constitutional thought, Zhang Dongsun's "socialism", Luo Longji's human rights and Gu Zhun's democratic thought and so on. The fourth part, contemporary Chinese liberalism. After the reform and opening up, liberalism is revived again. It has typical radical characteristics in the 1980s. It provokes a series of ideological and cultural events and social movements in various theoretical forms, including the humanitarian movement and the New Enlightenment Movement. The political liberalization movement, with the market reform in the 1990s, liberalism tends to be conservative, and can speak openly. The fifth part, liberalism and China's modernization. This part focuses on the value function of liberalism in China's modernization, and explains it from the aspects of liberalism and the establishment of China's modern nation-state, the realization of democratic politics, the modernization of economy and the modernization of culture. The sixth part, the final summary, we should fully understand and correctly deal with liberalism.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D092

【参考文献】