顾准自由主义思想初步研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 11:14

本文选题：顾准生平 + 自由主义　；参考：《安徽工业大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：顾准自由主义思想包括多元主义哲学思想、民主政治思想、史学思想、个人主义思想。顾准的自由主义思想虽不具有外在的逻辑形式，但却具有内在的理论结构。从特征上看，可以将顾准的自由主义思想概括为四点：宏观性、比较性、批判性、超越性。所谓宏观性，是指顾准把整个中国民主政治思想的发展历程乃至整个西方民主政治思想都作为自己孜孜不倦的认识对象和研究对象，因而具有很高的概括性。所谓比较性，是指顾准在进行历史思考时，从来不是孤立地、片面地、狭隘地就中国史说中国史，或就西方史说西方史，而是把中西方历史放在一起加以系统比较，总是通过大量的、具体的中西方历史的比较来发现问题，来说明问题，因而具有很强的穿透力和说服力。所谓批判性，是指顾准在研究哲学思想时，从不迷信权威和传统认识，不管这权威是学术权威还是政治权威，他一律予以批判性的分析，，决不盲从。所谓超越性，是指顾准的个人主义思想捍卫个人的权利和自由，但是它强调，个人的自由只限定在私人领域，只是涉及自身的行为。顾准推崇诚实劳动、合法经营，在追求个人物质利益时，不损害社会利益，并且能为社会财富的增加作出自己的贡献，最终使个人和社会共同富裕。他所倡导的重视商品价值规律，在目前市场经济条件下已经完全实现，但他曾经研究过的不受制约的权力造成的危害、法治和人治的利弊、人民当家作主反映在政体上的恰当形式、理性主义政治哲学蕴涵的问题等，对于深化改革，对于中国的民主法治前景，显然还是没有用尽的、宝贵的思想资源。顾准的思想丰富了当代中国思想，而且他的思想成果有突破、有创新，值得我们深入研究，运用于当前改革。
[Abstract]:Gu Zhun's liberalism thought includes pluralistic philosophy thought, democratic political thought, history thought, individualism thought. Although Gu Zhun's liberalism thought does not have the external logical form, but has the intrinsic theory structure. In terms of characteristics, Gu Zhun's liberalism can be summarized into four aspects: macro, comparative, critical and transcendent. The so-called macro is that Gu Zhun regards the development course of the whole Chinese democratic political thought and even the whole western democratic political thought as his indefatigable object of understanding and research, and therefore has a very high generality. The so-called "comparative" means that Gu Zhun, in his historical thinking, has never said Chinese history in an isolated, one-sided, narrow way, or western history on Western history, but has systematically compared Chinese and Western history together. Always through a large number of specific historical comparison between China and the West to find the problem, to explain the problem, so it has a strong penetration and persuasion. The so-called critical, refers to Gu Zhun in the study of philosophy, never superstitious authority and traditional understanding, regardless of whether this authority is academic authority or political authority, he is all critical analysis, never blindly follow. The so-called transcendence refers to the individualism thought of Gu Zhun defending the individual's rights and freedoms, but it emphasizes that the individual's freedom is limited to the private domain, only involves his own behavior. Gu Zhun advocates honest labor, legal management, in pursuit of personal material interests, do not harm the interests of society, and can make their own contribution to the increase of social wealth, and ultimately make individuals and society common prosperity. The emphasis he advocated on the law of commodity value has been fully realized under the current market economy, but he has studied the harm caused by the unchecked power, the advantages and disadvantages of the rule of law and the rule of man. The proper forms of the people as masters in the polity, the problems contained in rationalism political philosophy, and so on, are obviously not exhausted and valuable ideological resources for deepening the reform and the prospects of democracy and rule by law in China. Gu Zhun's thought has enriched the contemporary Chinese thought, and his thought achievement has the breakthrough, has the innovation, is worth our thorough research, applies to the present reform.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D092

【参考文献】