列宁、摩根索论帝国主义与战争

发布时间：2018-06-15 13:07

本文选题：列宁 + 摩根索　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来国内外学术界对于帝国主义理论的研究不乏其人，众所周知，马克思主义的帝国主义理论的创立者是列宁，列宁从帝国主义是资本主义的最高阶段这一论断出发，，从经济特征角度定义帝国主义是资本主义的垄断阶段，发展到垄断阶段的帝国主义国家为了攫取更多的经济利益必然爆发帝国主义战争。而奉行权力斗争的政治现实主义大师摩根索在其代表作《国家间政治——权力斗争与和平》中也同样对帝国主义战争和权力的关系有理论著述，摩根索从历史经验角度考察认为国家间战争并不都是由于经济原因，战争与经济制度没有必然联系，国家为权力而战。简言之，列宁认为帝国主义是战争的根源，爆发战争的目的是经济利益；摩根索认为帝国主义是一种政策选择，帝国主义战争的目的是攫取权力。列宁与摩根索虽然不属于同一个理论学派，而且理论渊源和理论内容称得上是南辕北辙，但在战争问题上的认识却是殊途同归，即都认为战争不可避免。在以前的研究中，对于两种观点的分别研究广泛而丰富，而没有把两者作对比深入研究，笔者认为，这两种理论作对比研究是有必要的。理论方面旨在丰富和完善马克思主义的帝国主义理论，现实中则是我们该如何分析当今国际局势下的新帝国主义，以及国家如何审时度势做出正确的战略选择。本文分为四大部分。第一部分是论述什么是帝国主义。第二部分是论述帝国主义与战争。第三部分是分析各自的理论观点中关于如何避免战争。第四部分是评述和启示。通过对比分析可以看出列宁和摩根索的理论都具有一定的可取之处，但又由于二者都是在当时的时代背景之下得出的结论，理论都具有一定的时代局限性以及意识形态色彩，在当今国际社会背景下，应汲取二者理论的精华之处，分析新的国际局势下的帝国主义以及战争爆发的原因。理论是为实践而服务的，通过对比研究帝国主义、权力与战争的关系，有利于我们分析当今一些国家发动战争的原因，即不能局限于经济或是权力，政治因素、意识形态价值观也起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there has been a great deal of research on the theory of imperialism in academic circles at home and abroad. As we all know, the founder of Marxist theory of imperialism was Lenin, and Lenin set out from the conclusion that imperialism is the highest stage of capitalism. From the point of view of economic characteristics, imperialism is defined as the monopoly stage of capitalism, and imperialist war will inevitably break out in order to gain more economic benefits by the imperialist countries developing to the monopoly stage. In his masterpiece, "Politics between States-Power struggle and Peace", Morganso, a political realist who pursues power struggle, also has a theoretical work on the relationship between imperialist war and power. From the angle of historical experience, Morgenthal thinks that war between nations is not all due to economic reasons, war and economic system are not necessarily linked, and the state fights for power. In short, Lenin believed that imperialism was the root of war, and the purpose of breaking out war was economic benefit; Morgenso believed that imperialism was a policy choice and that the purpose of imperialist war was to seize power. Although Lenin and Morgenthau do not belong to the same school of theory, and the theoretical origin and theoretical content can be called diametrically different, but the understanding of war is the same way, that is to say, war is inevitable. In previous studies, the research on the two views has been extensive and rich, but the two theories have not been studied in depth. The author thinks that it is necessary to make a comparative study of the two theories. In theory, the aim is to enrich and perfect the Marxist imperialist theory. In reality, it is how to analyze the neo-imperialism under the current international situation, and how to judge the situation and make the correct strategic choice. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part deals with what imperialism is. The second part deals with imperialism and war. The third part is about how to avoid war. The fourth part is the comment and enlightenment. Through comparative analysis, we can see that both Lenin and Morgenthau's theory have certain merit, but because both of them are the conclusion reached under the background of the times at that time, both theories have certain age limitation and ideology color. Under the background of international society, we should absorb the essence of the two theories and analyze the causes of imperialism and the outbreak of war in the new international situation. Theory serves practice. A comparative study of the relationship between imperialism, power and war will help us analyze the causes of war in some countries today, that is, not confined to economic or power or political factors. Ideological values also play a role.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D815.1

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